Questionnaire on Chinese Phonetics Learning of Pakistani Learners

Dear Student:

Hello! To better understand your actual situation in learning Chinese phonetics and optimize the subsequent teaching plans and content of Chinese phonetics, we specially conduct this questionnaire survey. This questionnaire is anonymous. All collected information will only be used for teaching research, and will not disclose your personal information or affect your course learning and evaluation. Please fill it out truthfully according to your actual learning situation, real feelings and ideas. Thank you for your support and cooperation!

Instructions for Completion

Please write your answers by hand on the lines. For multiple-choice questions, tick "√" in the box of the corresponding option; multiple answers can be selected for questions marked "Multiple choices allowed", and only one answer can be selected for questions marked "Choose one"; for sorting questions, please fill in the corresponding serial numbers by importance, where 1 indicates the most important.
Part 1: Basic Information Survey
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1.

Your nationality：

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2.
Your place of birth (city/region)：
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3.
The location (city/region) of the institution where you are currently studying/have studied：
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4.
What was the main language used by teachers in classes during your school years?
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5.
How many languages can you speak, and what is your proficiency in each? Please fill in 'language name proficiency'; proficiency options: Basic/Intermediate/Advanced.
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6.
What is your mother tongue (first language)?
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7.
Reasons for learning Chinese：【多选题】
Study needs (e.g., exams, further study, etc.)
Work needs (e.g., job hunting, business communication, etc.)
Interest in Chinese language or Chinese culture
Preparation for overseas travel
To facilitate making friends with Chinese people
Other
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8.
Your core goal of learning Chinese：
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9.
Time ratio between professional knowledge learning and Chinese learning：
Professional learning accounts for more than 80%, and time spent on Chinese learning is limited
Professional learning accounts for 60%-80%, and time spent on Chinese learning is average
Professional learning accounts for 50%-60%, and time spent on Chinese learning is more
Other
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10.
Your overall positioning of Chinese learning：
Short-term crash learning, only to meet basic daily or professional communication needs (no strict requirements on pronunciation standards)
Systematic learning to comprehensively improve comprehensive Chinese ability (including accurate pronunciation)
Other
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11.
Besides Chinese courses at school, have you participated in specialized Chinese phonetics training：
Yes, multiple times
Yes, 1-2 times
No, but willing to participate
No, and not willing to participate
Part 2: Feelings about Chinese Phonetics Learning
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12.

How do you evaluate your overall Chinese pronunciation?

Very good, accurate pronunciation and fluent oral communication
Good, basically standard pronunciation and no obstacles in daily communication
Average, minor pronunciation problems, occasionally need to repeat expressions
Not good, many pronunciation problems, often need to explain
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13.
What are the main difficulties you encounter when learning Chinese initial consonants：【多选题】
Difficulty in pronouncing zh/ch/sh/r (unable to curl the tongue correctly)
Incorrect pronunciation position of j/q/x (easily confused with native language sounds)
Unable to distinguish aspirated and unaspirated sounds (inconsistent with native language pronunciation habits)
Confusion between n and l pronunciation (no obvious distinction in native language)
Confusion between f and h pronunciation (poor control of mouth shape or airflow)
Confusion between Urdu trilled /r/ and Chinese retroflex /r/
Urdu /s/ sound affects the pronunciation of Chinese x
No obvious difficulties
Other
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14.
What are the main difficulties you encounter when learning Chinese finals：【多选题】
Difficulty in pronouncing ü and finals containing ü (no such sounds in native language)
Incomplete pronunciation of compound finals (reading too fast or too short)
Confusion between front nasal and back nasal finals
Stiff pronunciation of er final (unable to curl the tongue naturally)
Incorrect pronunciation when matching finals with tones
Confusion between Chinese back nasal finals and Urdu nasalized vowels
Unsmooth pronunciation of iao/iou compound finals (no such sounds in native language)
No obvious difficulties
Other
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15.
What are the main difficulties you encounter when learning Chinese tones：【多选题】
No tones in native language, unable to control pitch changes
Incorrect pronunciation of the 3rd tone (shàng shēng), easily pronounced as the 2nd tone or 4th tone
Unnatural pronunciation of neutral tone
Unable to remember the tone change rules of "yī/bù"
Disordered tones when reading multiple characters continuously
No obvious difficulties
Other
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16.
What difficulties do you encounter in learning connected speech sound changes (sound changes when speaking continuously)：【多选题】
Difficulty in pronouncing retroflex suffix "-r"
Unsmooth connection between initials and finals during liaison
Difficulty in mastering tone changes of multi-character groups
Incorrect pronunciation of tone changes of "yī/bù"
Incorrect pronunciation of tone changes of consecutive 3rd tones
Have not noticed the phenomenon of connected speech sound changes
Other
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17.
What is your ability to distinguish easily confused sounds in Chinese?
Can distinguish accurately
Basically can distinguish, occasionally make mistakes
Difficult to distinguish
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18.
Do you take the initiative to practice Chinese phonetics (e.g., shadowing standard pronunciation, special pronunciation exercises, etc.)?
Often take the initiative to practice
Occasionally practice
Rarely practice
Do not practice
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19.
How helpful do you think phonetic practice is for improving oral communication ability?
Very helpful
Quite helpful
Average, not very helpful
Not helpful
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20.
Have you ever been misunderstood in oral communication due to pronunciation problems?
Often misunderstood
Occasionally misunderstood
Rarely misunderstood
Never misunderstood
Part 3: Chinese Learning Habits
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21.

When do you usually learn Chinese?

【多选题】
During Chinese classes
Morning
Afternoon
Evening
During breaks between classes
Weekends
Other
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22.
What is your average daily Chinese learning time?
Within 30 minutes
30 minutes-1 hour
1-2 hours
More than 2 hours
Not fixed
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23.
What are the main methods you use to learn Chinese?【多选题】
Shadow the text
Memorize words and sentences
Practice dialogues with others
Watch Chinese movies and TV programs
Listen to Chinese audio (e.g., listening materials, podcasts, etc.)
Learn in accordance with the teacher's arrangements
Other
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24.
What auxiliary tools do you use for Chinese learning?【多选题】
Chinese learning apps
Dictionaries (paper/electronic version)
Chinese textbooks
Chinese learning websites
Other
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25.
What types of exercises do you mainly do when learning Chinese?【多选题】
Read texts aloud
Read sentences aloud
Read words aloud
Write Chinese characters
Listening practice
Speaking practice
Other
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26.
Sorting（Please sort the above exercises by importance, with 1 being the most important）【请选择全部 项并排序】
  • Read texts aloud
  • Read sentences aloud
  • Read words aloud
  • Write Chinese characters
  • Listening practice
  • Speaking practice
  • Other
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27.
Reasons for taking the above exercises as the main learning content：
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28.
How do you think the learning effect of these exercises is?
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29.
Do you prefer "crash-course" Chinese phonetic exercises (directly practice core sentences in daily or professional scenarios instead of individual phonemes)?
Yes, prefer crash-course exercises
No, hope for systematic practice
Not sure
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30.
What type of phonetic practice do you think is most necessary to achieve "barrier-free communication"?【多选题】
Pronunciation practice of high-frequency daily expressions
Pronunciation practice of professional core vocabulary/sentences
Special exercises for distinguishing easily confused sounds
Other
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31.
Do you think the learning effect will be better if "phonetic practice" is combined with "oral communication practice"?
Yes, the effect is significantly better
May be, somewhat helpful
No, learning them separately is sufficient
Not sure
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32.

Do you take the initiative to integrate phonetic practice into activities such as dialogues and scenario simulations?

Often
Occasionally
Rarely
No
Part 4: Learning Experience and Evaluation of Chinese Courses This Academic Year

Rating Instructions

For all rating questions, please choose according to the following standards: 1=Very dissatisfied, 2=Not very satisfied, 3=Average, 4=Quite satisfied, 5=Very satisfied

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33.
Overall, how do you feel about the Chinese courses this academic year?
1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
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34.
Do you think the teaching progress of the Chinese courses this academic year is appropriate?
1 (Too fast, completely unable to keep up with the teaching rhythm)
5 (Too slow, the progress is too loose)
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35.
Are you satisfied with the Chinese teacher's classroom organization ability? (e.g., the teacher's ability to control the classroom rhythm and arrange classroom sessions)
1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
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36.
Are you satisfied with the teacher's classroom teaching arrangements? (e.g., the teaching methods adopted by the teacher, the classroom interactions and practice activities designed, etc.)
1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
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37.
The teacher conducts teaching around specific themes (e.g., daily shopping, campus life, major-related communication, etc.). Are you satisfied with this theme-based teaching method?
1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
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38.
Please explain the reasons for your satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the theme-based teaching method
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39.
The teacher guides everyone to express actively in class (e.g., encouraging everyone to describe life scenes, share personal thoughts and opinions, etc.). Are you satisfied with this teaching method?
1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
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40.
Please explain the reasons for your satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the active expression teaching method
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41.
The teacher designs classroom scenarios according to everyone's daily communication and professional learning needs, and does not teach strictly in accordance with the vocabulary order of the textbook. Are you satisfied with this teaching method?
1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
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42.
Please explain the reasons for your satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the scenario-based teaching method
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43.
Are you satisfied with the Chinese phonetic exercises arranged by the teacher in class (e.g., exercises related to pronunciation, tones, and connected speech sound changes)?
1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
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44.
The teacher arranges various phonetic exercises in class. Which of these exercises are most helpful for you to improve your Chinese pronunciation?【多选题】
Individual phoneme exercises (e.g., practicing initials, finals, and tones separately)
Shadowing exercises for textbook words and sentences
Textbook dialogue exercises
Teacher-guided oral Q&A exercises
Exercises of listening to textbook recordings and repeating sentences
Practicing dialogues in specific scenarios while practicing pronunciation
Comparative exercises of easily confused sounds
Major-related phonetic exercises
Special comparative exercises of easily confused sounds between Urdu and Chinese
Other
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45.
The teacher explains relevant knowledge of Chinese phonetics in class (e.g., the pronunciation method, key points of pronunciation, and correction methods for pronunciation errors of a certain sound). Do you think the teacher's explanation is clear?

(1=Very unclear, completely unable to understand; 2=Not very clear, difficult to understand; 3=Average, able to understand part of the content; 4=Quite clear, able to understand most of the content; 5=Very clear, able to understand quickly)

1 (Very unclear, completely unable to understand)
5 (Very clear, able to understand quickly)
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46.
Does the teacher point out and correct your pronunciation errors individually in class?
Often corrects, timely corrects as soon as errors occur
Occasionally corrects, corrects when obvious errors are found
Rarely corrects, hardly corrects individually
Does not correct, never corrected individually
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47.
If the teacher has corrected your pronunciation errors individually, how do you think the effect of this individual correction is?
Very effective, pronunciation has become significantly standard
Quite effective, pronunciation has certain improvement and progress
Average, no obvious changes after correction
Ineffective, still unable to pronounce correctly after correction
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48.
What kind of help do you most need from the teacher in the current process of learning Chinese phonetics? (e.g., more pronunciation demonstrations, one-on-one pronunciation correction, etc., can be specified in detail)
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49.
What content or forms of exercises/explanations do you hope the teacher will add in the subsequent phonetic teaching? (Can be specified in detail)
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50.
Do you hope the teacher adjusts the phonetic teaching content in combination with the needs of "short-term crash learning and achieving barrier-free communication"?
Very much hope, think this kind of learning is more practical
Quite hope, think it is necessary to adjust
It doesn't matter, any teaching method from the teacher is acceptable
Do not hope, hope to continue learning according to the current content
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51.
If you hope to adjust, what targeted content do you want the teacher to add? (e.g., pronunciation exercises for professional scenarios, pronunciation exercises for high-frequency sentences in daily communication, etc.)
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52.
How do you think the teacher combines phonetic learning with practical oral application in class?

(1=Completely separated, phonetic learning has no connection with oral practice; 2=Little combination, low relevance; 3=Average, occasionally combined; 4=Much combination, able to conduct oral practice in a timely manner after learning pronunciation; 5=Closely combined, conducting oral application practice while learning pronunciation)

1 (Completely separated, phonetic learning has no connection with oral practice)
5 (Closely combined, conducting oral application practice while learning pronunciation)
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53.
Is the teacher's teaching method of combining "phonetic learning + oral application" helpful for you to achieve barrier-free communication with Chinese people?

(1=No help at all; 2=Not very helpful, almost no effect; 3=Average, slightly helpful; 4=Quite helpful, able to clearly feel progress; 5=Very helpful, communication ability has been greatly improved)

1 (No help at all)
5 (Very helpful, communication ability has been greatly improved)
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54.

Part 5: Self-evaluation of Pronunciation and Oral Ability

How do you evaluate your overall Chinese oral level? Can it meet the needs of daily/professional communication?
Very good, able to fluently complete daily and professional communication
Good, able to conduct daily dialogues smoothly and handle simple professional communication
Average, need to use gestures to assist simple daily communication, unable to handle professional communication
Not good, only able to speak single words/short sentences, unable to complete full communication
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55.
How well can you understand the words of Chinese people during actual communication?
Can understand completely
Can understand most of it
Can understand part of it
Basically cannot understand
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56.
Specific situations you can/cannot understand: Situations you can understand and Situations you cannot understand
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57.
How well can Chinese people understand your Chinese expressions during actual communication?
Can understand completely
Can understand most of it
Can understand part of it
Basically cannot understand
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58.
If the other party cannot understand your expression, what do you think is the main reason? (Can explain from the aspects of pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, etc.)
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59.
How much impact do pronunciation problems have on communication?
(1=No impact, 2=Small impact, 3=Average, 4=Relatively large impact, 5=Great impact)：
1 (No impact)
5 (Great impact)
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60.
To improve communication effectiveness, will you give priority to improving pronunciation problems?
Yes, give priority to improvement
May be, depending on the situation
No, focus more on vocabulary/grammar accumulation
Not sure
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61.
What countermeasures do you usually take if the other party cannot understand your expression?【多选题】
Slow down the speaking speed
Repeat the expression
Replace with simple words
Use gestures/facial expressions to assist expression
Switch to another language
Other
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62.
What oral exercises do you think need to be supplemented for the problems existing in communication?
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63.
What methods do you think can effectively improve Chinese oral ability and pronunciation accuracy?
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64.
What ways will you adjust your expression to make it easier for the other party to understand?【多选题】
Simplify sentence structure
Emphasize the pronunciation of key words
Reduce the use of complex vocabulary
Increase pauses for clear sentence segmentation
Other

Thank you again for your participation!

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