欧洲 CSA2/NIS2 法案经济影响调查问卷/Standardized Census Questionnaire on the Economic Impact of the CSA2

本问卷旨在客观评估欧洲网络安全合规要求对全球供应链的潜在经济影响。您的数据将被严格保密，并仅以匿名聚合的形式用于宏观经济模型的构建与行业洞察报告。 / This questionnaire aims to objectively assess the potential economic impact of European cybersecurity compliance requirements on global supply chains. Your data will be kept strictly confidential and used only in an anonymous, aggregated form for the construction of macroeconomic models and industry insight reports.

您的身份类型 / Your identity type

A.中资企业 / A. Chinese-funded Enterprise

B.欧资企业 / B. EU-funded Enterprise

C.商业协会 / C. Business Association

D.公共机构 / D. Public Institution

E.学术/研究机构 / E. Academic/Research Institution

F.工会 / F. Trade Union

G.欧盟公民 / G. EU Citizen

H.非欧盟公民 / H. Non-EU Citizen

I.其他 / I. Others

请填写您的所处的欧盟国家/地区或公司业务/研究方向主要聚焦的欧盟国家/地区 / Please fill in the EU country/region where you are located, or the EU country/region that your company's business/research primarily focuses on

贵司的主营业务最契合欧盟《NIS2 指令》中的哪一类关键行业？ / Which category of critical sectors in the EU 'NIS2 Directive' does your company's main business fit best?【多选题】

A.能源（含风光储、传统电力） / A. Energy (including wind, solar, storage, and traditional power)

B.电信（固网、接入网、核心网、物联网等） / B. Telecommunications (fixed network, access network, core network, IoT, etc.)

C.银行、金融市场基础设施、数字提供商、数字基础设施与云服务 / C. Banking, financial market infrastructures, digital providers, digital infrastructure, and cloud services

D.化学品、食品、制造业、废物管理、交通、邮政与快递 / D. Chemicals, food, manufacturing, waste management, transport, postal and courier services

E.水务、废水、航天、公共管理 / E. Drinking water, waste water, space, public administration

F.健康、研究 / F. Health, research

G.其他：________ / G. Others: ________

贵司的企业规模情况 / Your company's enterprise size

大型企业（年营收5千万欧元以上，不包括5千万欧元） / Large enterprise (Annual revenue over 50 million euros, excluding 50 million euros)

中型企业（年营收大于1千万欧元，小于等于5千万欧元） / Medium enterprise (Annual revenue greater than 10 million euros, up to and including 50 million euros)

小型企业（年营收大于2百万欧元，小于等于1千万欧元） / Small enterprise (Annual revenue greater than 2 million euros, up to and including 10 million euros)

微型企业（年营收小于等于2百万欧元） / Micro enterprise (Annual revenue up to and including 2 million euros)

贵司主要受影响的产品有哪些，其主流规格及单价为多少 / What are the main products of your company that are affected, and what are their mainstream specifications and unit prices?

在贵司所处的特定欧洲细分赛道，贵司预估目前的市场占有率约为 / In the specific European sub-sector your company operates in, what is your estimated current market share?

5%以下 / Below 5%

5%-15% / 5%-15%

16%-30% / 16%-30%

31%及以上 / 31% and above

基于贵司对欧洲竞品的了解，若欧洲客户被迫放弃贵司产品，转向欧洲本土或“可信”供应商，其采购单价（CAPEX）预估将面临多大比例的溢价 / Based on your company's understanding of European competitors, if European customers are forced to abandon your products and switch to local European or 'trusted' suppliers, what estimated percentage of premium will their procurement unit price (CAPEX) face?

在贵司的技术领域，欧洲本土或“可信”替代供应商目前的产能交期通常比贵司慢多少？ / In your company's technological field, how much slower is the current production lead time of European local or 'trusted' alternative suppliers compared to your company?

速度基本一致 / Basically the same speed

慢 3-6 个月 / 3-6 months slower

慢6-12个月 / 6-12 months slower

存在根本性技术代差，短期内无法等效替代 / There is a fundamental technological generational gap, impossible to equivalently replace in the short term

若供应链发生强制切换，贵司预估欧洲中下游客户在系统联调、旧资产提前报废及产线重新测试上，面临的隐性实施成本占其采购设备采购价的比例？ / If a forced supply chain switch occurs, what percentage of the procured equipment's purchase price do you estimate the hidden implementation costs faced by mid-to-downstream European customers (for system joint debugging, early scrapping of old assets, and production line re-testing) will account for?

10.

贵司核心产品及其设计寿命是多少年？ / What are your company's core products and their design lifespans in years?

11.

预计所处行业的强制报废周期是几个月，届时平均提前损失的“未折旧价值”占产品单位成本的比例是多少？ / What is the estimated forced retirement cycle of your industry in months, and what proportion of the product's unit cost will the average 'undepreciated value' lost in advance account for at that time?

12.

预计欧盟在2030年对于贵司产品的需求增量，以及目前的存量总量分别为多少 / What is the projected incremental demand for your company's products in the EU by 2030, and what is the current total stock?

13.

若最终因“非技术原因”被要求强制剥离，您预计将会通过法律途径申请的损失赔偿金额为多少欧元？分别向哪些欧盟国家进行索赔、索赔比例为多少？ / If ultimately subjected to a forced divestment for 'non-technical reasons,' what is the estimated amount of financial compensation in euros that you expect to claim through legal channels? Which EU countries would you claim against respectively, and what are the claim proportions?

14.

目前贵司在欧盟地区雇佣的本地员工（非中方外派人员）规模大约在什么区间？ / What is the approximate range of the size of the local staff (non-Chinese expatriates) currently employed by your company in the EU region?

50 人以下 / Under 50 people

50 - 200 人 / 50 - 200 people

200 - 500 人 / 200 - 500 people

500 人以上 / Over 500 people

15.

贵司每年向欧洲本土上游供应商的采购金额大约占贵司在欧总营收的比例是多少？ / What is the approximate proportion of your company's annual procurement amount from European local upstream suppliers relative to your company's total revenue in Europe?

几乎没有（10%以下） / Almost none (Below 10%)

适度采购（10% - 30%） / Moderate procurement (10% - 30%)

深度绑定（30% - 50%） / Deeply integrated (30% - 50%)

高度贡献欧洲供应链（50%以上） / Highly contributing to the European supply chain (Over 50%)

16.

面对日益严苛的供应链与数据审查，贵司对在欧洲设立或扩建研发中心及联合创新实验室的计划有何调整？ / In the face of increasingly strict supply chain and data scrutiny, what adjustments has your company made to plans for establishing or expanding research and development (R&D) centers and joint innovation labs in Europe?

保持原计划不变，继续加大投资 / Keep the original plan unchanged and continue to increase investment

暂缓新增投资，观望政策走向 / Suspend new investment and observe policy trends

缩减现有欧洲研发团队规模，将部分核心研发迁回国内或转移至其他地区 / Downsize the existing European R&D team and relocate some core R&D back to China or transfer to other regions

计划彻底取消在欧研发投资计划 / Plan to completely cancel R&D investment plans in Europe

17.

贵司的企业规模情况 / Your company's enterprise size

大型企业（年营收5千万欧元以上，不包括5千万欧元） / Large enterprise (Annual revenue over 50 million euros, excluding 50 million euros)

中型企业（年营收大于1千万欧元，小于等于5千万欧元） / Medium enterprise (Annual revenue greater than 10 million euros, up to and including 50 million euros)

小型企业（年营收大于2百万欧元，小于等于1千万欧元） / Small enterprise (Annual revenue greater than 2 million euros, up to and including 10 million euros)

微型企业（年营收小于等于2百万欧元） / Micro enterprise (Annual revenue up to and including 2 million euros)

18.

在贵司所处的特定细分赛道，贵司预估目前的欧盟市场占有率约为 / In the specific sub-sector your company operates in, what is your estimated current market share in the EU?

19.

若未来CSA2法案强制实施，贵司将为此付出的重置成本为多少？贵司要承担的物理拆除、运输及危险废弃物处理的单点成本又将达到多少？ / If the CSA2 Act is mandatorily implemented in the future, what replacement costs will your company incur for this? Also, what will be the single-point costs borne by your company for physical dismantling, transportation, and hazardous waste disposal?

20.

若贵司所在行业涉及新旧系统并行，运行期间的运维支出会增加多少？并行周期预计多久？此外，核心设备切换导致的服务停机时长预估为多久？ / If your company's industry involves the parallel operation of old and new systems, how much will O&M expenditures increase during the operation period? How long is the parallel cycle expected to last? Furthermore, what is the estimated service downtime caused by the switching of core equipment?

21.

贵司在选择中资供应商后，所受的网络冲击次数、修复时间等是否有变得更频繁 / After your company selected a Chinese-funded supplier, have the number of cyberattacks received, repair times, etc., become more frequent?

22.

为满足 NIS2/CSA2 的审计、认证及法务要求，相关机构/企业的年度行政成本将增加多少？ / How much will the annual administrative costs of relevant institutions/enterprises increase to meet the auditing, certification, and legal requirements of NIS2/CSA2?

几乎不增加 / Almost no increase

5%-15%（常规合规支出） / 5%-15% (Routine compliance expenditures)

15% 以上（需设立专门的合规部门与技术审计线） / Over 15% (Requires establishing specialized compliance departments and technical audit lines)

23.

贵司在采用中资设备后，数据安全性是否可以得到保障？ / Can data security be guaranteed after your company adopts Chinese-funded equipment?

没有，难以实现完全的欧洲本地化剥离 / No, it is difficult to achieve complete European localized decoupling

当然，主要为纯本地化部署 / Of course, primarily due to pure localized deployment

24.

若失去高性价比以及优质技术的中国供应商，贵司达成 2030 减碳或数字化目标的成本将增加多少？ / If you lose Chinese suppliers with high cost-effectiveness and high-quality technology, by how much will your company's cost to achieve the 2030 decarbonization or digitalization targets increase?

25.

贵司因此产生的裁员数量将会达到多少？裁员成本将会达到多少？ / What will be the number of layoffs resulting from this for your company? What will be the associated layoff costs?

26.

您认为下游消费者每年将为本次价格上调承担的贵司平均产品溢价为多少 / What do you think is the average product premium of your company that downstream consumers will bear annually due to this price increase?

增加0-500欧元 / Increase of 0-500 euros

增加501-1000欧元 / Increase of 501-1000 euros

增加1001-3000欧元 / Increase of 1001-3000 euros

增加3001-5000欧元 / Increase of 3001-5000 euros

其他金额_________ / Other amount _________

27.

您认为公司还将为此承担的其他成本都有哪些，预计持续几年，每年费用将达到多少 / What other costs do you think the company will bear for this, how many years are they expected to last, and what will the annual expenses amount to?

28.

您主要关注、研究或从事的行业最契合欧盟《NIS2 指令》中的哪一类？ / Which category of the EU 'NIS2 Directive' does the industry you primarily focus on, research, or work in fit best?【多选题】

A.能源（含风光储、传统电力） / A. Energy (including wind, solar, storage, and traditional power)

B.电信（固网、接入网、核心网、物联网等） / B. Telecommunications (fixed network, access network, core network, IoT, etc.)

C.银行、金融市场基础设施、数字提供商、数字基础设施与云服务 / C. Banking, financial market infrastructures, digital providers, digital infrastructure, and cloud services

D.化学品、食品、制造业、废物管理、交通、邮政与快递 / D. Chemicals, food, manufacturing, waste management, transport, postal and courier services

E.水务、废水、航天、公共管理 / E. Drinking water, waste water, space, public administration

F.健康、研究 / F. Health, research

G.其他：________ / G. Others: ________

29.

您是否认可欧盟CSA2法案中，以非技术原因排除高性价比的中国供应商 / Do you approve of the EU CSA2 Act excluding highly cost-effective Chinese suppliers for non-technical reasons?

30.

若相关高技术企业因法案退出，您认为对欧盟本地就业的影响是？ / If relevant high-tech enterprises exit due to the act, what do you think the impact will be on local employment in the EU?

毫无影响（本土企业能完全吸纳劳动力） / No impact at all (local enterprises can fully absorb the labor force)

结构性失业（需大规模政府救助与转岗培训） / Structural unemployment (requires large-scale government relief and job transition training)

核心人才流失（导致欧洲该领域研发活力长期低迷丧失） / Loss of core talent (leading to a long-term slump and loss of R&D vitality in this field in Europe)

31.

您认为最终由终端消费者承担的成本转嫁程度？ / What do you think is the degree of cost pass-through ultimately borne by end consumers (e.g., higher electricity and internet bills)?

商家消化（不涨价） / Absorbed by businesses (no price increase)

轻微上涨（<20%） / Slight increase (<20%)

显著上涨（>20%，<50%直接增加民众生活负担） / Significant increase (>20%, <50%, directly increasing people's living burdens)

巨幅上涨（>50%, 显著影响民众可支配收入） / Massive increase (>50%, significantly affecting people's disposable income)

其他_____ / Others _____

32.

您认为受影响行业的供应中断，对欧洲其他经济部门的连锁冲击倍数大约是？ / What do you think is the approximate multiplier of the cascading impact on other European economic sectors caused by supply disruptions in affected industries?

1 - 2 倍（局部影响，可迅速恢复） / 1 - 2 times (Localized impact, can quickly recover)

3 - 5 倍（显著传导，导致多行业生产效率下降） / 3 - 5 times (Significant transmission, leading to a decline in production efficiency across multiple industries)

5 - 10 倍（强耦合，可能引发系统性经济停摆） / 5 - 10 times (Strong coupling, may trigger a systemic economic shutdown)

10 倍以上（社会运行面临瘫痪） / Over 10 times (Social operations facing paralysis)

33.

排除特定高研发投入供应商后，您预估欧洲该行业的技术代差或研发停滞时间？ / After excluding specific suppliers with high R&D investment, what is your estimate for the technological generational gap or R&D stagnation time in this industry in Europe?

几乎无影响（本土研发可立即填补） / Almost no impact (Local R&D can immediately fill the gap)

1 - 2 年（技术更迭节奏放缓） / 1 - 2 years (Pace of technological iteration slows down)

3 - 5 年（关键技术如 6G 或新型储能落后于全球主流） / 3 - 5 years (Key technologies like 6G or new energy storage lag behind the global mainstream)

存在根本性代差（本土生态在可见未来内无法追赶） / Fundamental generational gap exists (Local ecosystem cannot catch up in the foreseeable future)

34.

若相关企业被迫裁员或撤出，受影响的本地员工转岗或领取救济的压力如何？ / If relevant enterprises are forced to lay off employees or withdraw, what is the pressure regarding job transitions or claiming relief for affected local employees?

极低（人才紧缺，市场可瞬间消化） / Extremely low (talent shortage, the market can instantly absorb them)

中度（需要 6 - 12 个月的政府培训与资金支持） / Moderate (requires 6-12 months of government training and financial support)

严重（造成结构性失业，地方财政救助负担显著增加） / Severe (causes structural unemployment, significantly increasing local financial relief burdens)

35.

由于设备替换导致的交期延误，对欧盟 2030 绿色转型目标的威胁程度？ / To what extent do delivery delays caused by equipment replacement threaten the EU's 2030 green transition targets?

几乎无威胁 / Almost no threat

轻微拖延（可通过后期加速追回） / Slight delay (can be recovered through later acceleration)

严重阻碍（可能导致阶段性碳中和目标无法按时完成） / Severe hindrance (may lead to the failure to complete phased carbon neutrality targets on time)

36.

由于强制剥离现有合法合同，您认为欧资企业面临国际仲裁或违约索赔并败诉的概率？ / Given the forced divestment of existing legal contracts, what do you think is the probability that EU-funded enterprises will face international arbitration or breach of contract claims and lose the case?

10% 以下（法案具有强豁免力） / Under 10% (The act has strong exemption power)

30% - 50%（存在显著法律争议） / 30% - 50% (Significant legal disputes exist)

51% 以上（大概率需要支付巨额违约赔偿） / 51% and above (High probability of needing to pay huge breach of contract damages)

37.

该单边政策引发他国采取同等力度贸易反制的可能性？ / What is the likelihood that this unilateral policy will trigger trade countermeasures of equal magnitude by other countries?

不可能（属于安全例外） / Impossible (Falls under security exceptions)

有可能（局部领域摩擦增加） / Possible (Friction increases in localized areas)

极有可能（引发大规模贸易战，导致整体 GDP 萎缩） / Highly likely (Triggers a large-scale trade war, leading to overall GDP shrinkage)

38.

在您看来，该法案实施中最大的“社会痛点”是？ / In your view, what is the biggest 'social pain point' in the implementation of this act?【多选题】

A．居民电费/网费直接涨价 / A. Direct price increases in residents' electricity/internet bills

B.关键基础设施在切换期间的突发断网/断电风险 / B. Risk of sudden internet/power outages for critical infrastructure during the switchover

C.欧洲在数字技术领域的全球竞争力下降 / C. Decline in Europe's global competitiveness in digital technology

D.国际资本对欧洲营商环境的信心动摇 / D. Shaken confidence of international capital in Europe's business environment

E.其他____ / E. Others ____

39.

政策预期：您认为最能平衡“安全”与“经济损失”的方案是？ / Policy Expectations: Which proposal do you think best balances 'security' and 'economic loss'?

A.“按部就班”：仅对新购设备限制，不回溯强拆存量资产 / A. 'Step-by-step': Restrict only newly purchased equipment, without retroactively forcing the dismantling of existing assets

B.“公平补偿”：欧盟设立专项基金，全额补偿企业因强拆产生的坏账 / B. 'Fair compensation': The EU establishes a special fund to fully compensate enterprises for bad debts caused by forced dismantling

C“技术中立”：取消供应商国别黑名单，改为基于代码审计的客观审查 / C. 'Technology neutrality': Cancel country-specific supplier blacklists and shift to objective reviews based on code auditing

D.其他__________ / D. Others __________

40.

您认为该法案对行业生态、全球供应链体系还有哪些意想不到的挑战或负面外溢风险？ / What other unexpected challenges or negative spillover risks do you think this act poses to the industry ecosystem and global supply chain systems?

41.

关于此次供应链重构，您还有哪些核心洞察或关键提醒需要告知政策制定者？ / Regarding this supply chain restructuring, what other core insights or key reminders do you have to inform policymakers?

问卷星提供技术支持