關於澳門酒店業領導風格對員工工作體驗影響的調查

尊敬的酒店員工：

您好！我們是澳門城市大學國際旅遊與管理學院酒店管理專業的碩士研究團隊，目前正在進行一項關於澳門酒店業領導風格對員工工作體驗影響的學術研究。本問卷旨在瞭解您對您的直屬上司（即直接向您分配任務、管理您日常工作的經理或領班）的看法，以及您對您目前工作的感受。您的回答對本研究至關重要。問卷採用完全匿名方式進行，所有數據僅用於學術統計分析，我們將嚴格保密您的個人信息。問卷大約需要 10-15 分鐘完成。如果您有認識的其他符合條件的同事（澳門酒店全職員工），歡迎您將此問卷鏈接分享給他們。非常感謝您的幫助！衷心感謝您的參與和支持！




Dear Hotel Staff:

Hello! We are the Master's research team from the Hotel Management program at the City University of Macau, currently conducting an academic study on the impact of leadership styles on employee work experience in the Macau hotel industry. This questionnaire aims to understand your views on your direct supervisor (i.e., the manager or supervisor who directly assigns tasks and manages your daily work), and your feelings about your current job. Your answers are crucial to this research. The questionnaire is completely anonymous, and all data will be used solely for academic statistical analysis. We will strictly protect your personal information. The questionnaire will take approximately 10-15 minutes to complete. If you have colleagues who also meet the criteria (full-time hotel staff in Macau), please feel free to share this survey link with them. Your help is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your participation and support!

Part 1: Demographics (基本信息)

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1 Gender(性別)
男(Male)
女(Female)
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2 Age Range(年齡範圍)
18-20歲
21-30歲
31-40歲
41-50歲
51歲或以上(51 or above)
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3 Highest Education(最高學歷)
高中或以下(High school or below)
文憑/副學士 (Diploma/Associate Degree)
大學本科 (Bachelor's Degree)
碩士或以上(Master's or above)
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4 Years in Hotel Industry(酒店行業工作年資)
3個月以下 (Under 3 months)
3個月-1年 (3 months-1 year)
1-3年 (1-3 years)
4-6年 (4-6 years)
7-10年 (7-10 years)
10年以上(＞10 years)
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6 Current Position(目前職位)
A.前線員工(Frontline Staff)
B.督導/領班(Supervisor)
C.經理(Manager)
D.行政高管(Executive)
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7 Marital Status(婚姻狀況)
未婚(Unmarried)
已婚(Married)
其他(Other)
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8 Monthly Income(MOP)(平均月收入)
10,000 MOP以下(or below)
10,000 MOP-15,000 MOP
15,001-20,000 MOP
20,001-25,000 MOP
25,001MOP或以上(or above)

Part 2: Perceptions of Your Supervisor (對您直屬上司的看法)

Instructions: These items describe the leadership behavior of your immediate supervisor. There are no right or wrong answers, please answer based on your intuition. Please rate your agreement with the following statements.

說明： 以下問題描述了您的直屬上司的領導行為。本問卷沒有標準答案，請根據您的直覺回答。 請根據您的實際感受，評價您對這些描述的同意程度。

Scale Anchors (評價標準): 1 = 非常不同意 (Strongly Disagree), 2 = 不同意 (Disagree), 3 = 中立 (Neutral), 4 = 同意 (Agree), 5 = 非常同意 (Strongly Agree)

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Transformational Leadership (TL) Items (變革型領導力條目) 
非常不同意 (Strongly Disagree)不同意 (Disagree)中立 (Neutral)同意 (Agree)非常同意 (Strongly Agree)
1. Has a clear understanding of where we are going. 我的上司清楚地瞭解我們團隊的發展方向。
1. Has a clear understanding of where we are going. 我的上司清楚地瞭解我們團隊的發展方向。
2. Provides a good model for me to follow. 我的上司為我提供了一個值得效仿的好榜樣。
2. Provides a good model for me to follow. 我的上司為我提供了一個值得效仿的好榜樣。
3. Leads by "doing," rather than simply by "telling." 我的上司通過“行動”來領導，而不僅僅是“口頭指揮”。
3. Leads by "doing," rather than simply by "telling." 我的上司通過“行動”來領導，而不僅僅是“口頭指揮”。
4. Fosters collaboration among work groups. 我的上司促進工作小組之間的協作。
4. Fosters collaboration among work groups. 我的上司促進工作小組之間的協作。
5. Shows respect for my personal feelings. 我的上司尊重我的個人感受。
5. Shows respect for my personal feelings. 我的上司尊重我的個人感受。
6. Asks questions that prompt me to think. 我的上司會提出一些能促使我思考的問題。
6. Asks questions that prompt me to think. 我的上司會提出一些能促使我思考的問題。
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Table A2: Transactional Leadership (CR) Items (交易型領導力-權變獎勵條目)

非常不同意 (Strongly Disagree),不同意 (Disagree)中立 (Neutral)同意 (Agree)非常同意 (Strongly Agree)
1. Always gives me positive feedback when I perform well. 當我的工作表現超出一般水準時，我的上司總是會給我正面的反饋。
1. Always gives me positive feedback when I perform well. 當我的工作表現超出一般水準時，我的上司總是會給我正面的反饋。
2. Gives me special recognition when my work is very good. 當我的工作非常出色時，我的上司會給予我特別的認可。
2. Gives me special recognition when my work is very good. 當我的工作非常出色時，我的上司會給予我特別的認可。
3.Commends me when I do a better than average job. 當我的工作表現優於平均水平時，我的上司會表揚我。
3.Commends me when I do a better than average job. 當我的工作表現優於平均水平時，我的上司會表揚我。
4.Personally compliments me when I do outstanding work. 當我做出傑出工作時，我的上司會親自讚揚我。
4.Personally compliments me when I do outstanding work. 當我做出傑出工作時，我的上司會親自讚揚我。

Part 3: Relationship with Your Supervisor (LMX-7) (您與直屬上司的關係)

Instructions: Please answer based on your working relationship with your immediate supervisor. 說明： 以下問題請根據您與直屬上司的工作關係進行回答。


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1 Do you know where you stand with your leader...do you usually know how satisfied your leader is with what you do?(您是否瞭解您在上司心中的位置?/您是否通常知道他/她對您的工作有多滿意?)
1=極少(Rarely)
2=偶爾(Occasionally)
3=有時(Sometimes)
4=經常(Fairly Often)
5=總是(Very Often)
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2 How well does your leader understand your job problems and needs?(您的上司對您工作中的問題和需求的瞭解程度如何?)
1=完全不瞭解(Not a Bit)
2=瞭解一點(A Little)
3=一般瞭解(A Fair Amount)
4=比較瞭解(Quite a Bit)
5=非常瞭解(A Great Deal)
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3 How well does your leader recognize your potential?(您的上司對您潛力的認可程度如何?)
1=完全不認可(Not at All)
2=認可一點(A Little)
3=中等程度(Moderately)
4=比較認可(Mostly)
5=完全認可(Fully)
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4 Regardless of how much formal authority he/she has...what are the chances that your leader would use his/her power to help you solve problems in your work?(...他/她用其權力幫您解決工作問題的可能性有多大?)
1=完全沒有(None)
2=很小(Small)
3=中等(Moderate)
4=比較大(High)
5=非常大(Very High)
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5 Again,regardless of the amount of formal authority your leader has,what are the chances that he/she would"bail you out,"at his/her expense?(...他/她“拯救”您（即使會讓他/她自己付出代價）的可能性有多大?)
1=完全沒有(None)
2=很小(Small)
3=中等(Moderate)
4=比較大(High)
5=非常大(Very High)
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6 I have enough confidence in my leader that I would defend and justify his/her decision if he/she were not present to do so.(我非常信任我的上司，如果他/她不在場，我也會為他/她的決定辯護。)
1=非常不同意(Strongly Disagree)
2=不同意(Disagree)
3=中立(Neutral)
4=同意(Agree)
5=非常同意(Strongly Agree)
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7 How would you characterize your working relationship with your leader?您如何評價您與上司的整體工作關係?)
1 = 非常無效 (ExtremelyI neffective)
2 = 比較無效(Worsethan Average)
3= 一般 (Average)
4 = 比較有效(Betterthan Average)
5 = 非常有效(Extremely Effective)
Attention Test Questions (注意力測試題)

Part 4: My Job and Organization (Job Embeddedness) (關於我的工作和組織)

Instructions: Please rate your agreement based on your true feelings about your current job and hotel. 說明： 以下問題請根據您對目前工作和所在酒店的真實感受進行回答。

Scale Anchors (評價標準): 1 = 非常不同意 (Strongly Disagree), 2 = 不同意 (Disagree), 3 = 中立 (Neutral), 4 = 同意 (Agree), 5 = 非常同意 (Strongly Agree)

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Table A4: Global Job Embeddedness (JE) Items

非常不同意 (Strongly Disagree)不同意 (Disagree)中立 (Neutral)同意 (Agree)非常同意 (Strongly Agree)
1. I feel attached to this organization. 我對這家酒店有歸屬感。
1. I feel attached to this organization. 我對這家酒店有歸屬感。
2. It would be difficult for me to leave this organization. 對我來說，離開這家酒店會非常困難。
2. It would be difficult for me to leave this organization. 對我來說，離開這家酒店會非常困難。
3. I am tightly connected to this organization. 我與這家酒店聯繫緊密。
3. I am tightly connected to this organization. 我與這家酒店聯繫緊密。
4. If I decide to leave this hotel, my living arrangements (such as residence, visa, etc.) will be significantly affected. 如果我決定離開這家酒店，我的生活安排（如居住、簽證等）會受到很大影響。
4. If I decide to leave this hotel, my living arrangements (such as residence, visa, etc.) will be significantly affected. 如果我決定離開這家酒店，我的生活安排（如居住、簽證等）會受到很大影響。
5. I feel that the people I work with are tightly connected to me. 我覺得我的同事們與我聯繫緊密。
5. I feel that the people I work with are tightly connected to me. 我覺得我的同事們與我聯繫緊密。
6. I am well fit with the organizational culture and environment. 我非常契合酒店的文化和環境。
6. I am well fit with the organizational culture and environment. 我非常契合酒店的文化和環境。

Part 5: Future Intentions (Turnover Intention) (未來的打算)

Instructions: Please answer based on your true feelings. 說明： 以下問題請根據您的真實想法進行回答。

Scale Anchors (評價標準): 1 = 非常不同意 (Strongly Disagree), 2 = 不同意 (Disagree), 3 = 中立 (Neutral), 4 = 同意 (Agree), 5 = 非常同意 (Strongly Agree) 

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Table A5: Turnover Intention (TI) Items 

非常不同意 (Strongly Disagree)不同意 (Disagree)中立 (Neutral)同意 (Agree)非常同意 (Strongly Agree)
1 I would prefer another more ideal job than the one I now work in. 相比現在的工作，我更渴望找到另一份更理想的工作。
1 I would prefer another more ideal job than the one I now work in. 相比現在的工作，我更渴望找到另一份更理想的工作。
2 I have thought seriously about changing organizations since beginning to work here. 自從到這裡工作以來，我曾認真考慮過轉職（離開這家酒店）。
2 I have thought seriously about changing organizations since beginning to work here. 自從到這裡工作以來，我曾認真考慮過轉職（離開這家酒店）。
3  I do not intend to remain with this organization for a long time. 我並不計劃在這家酒店長期工作。
3  I do not intend to remain with this organization for a long time. 我並不計劃在這家酒店長期工作。
4 If I have my own way,I won’t be working for this organization three years from now. 如果可以自己決定，三年後我不會在這家酒店工作。
4 If I have my own way,I won’t be working for this organization three years from now. 如果可以自己決定，三年後我不會在這家酒店工作。
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