The Relationship Between Urban Greening and Residents' Health: Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park Analysis

Dear Sir/Madam:

Hello! Please read the following carefully.

You are invited to participate in a research study conducted by [student & ZHU YINGXIN] in the [Department OF ENGINEERING] at the University of Hong Kong.


PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

This study aims to understand how the design of urban parks (such as greenery and layout) may affect the health and well-being of people who use them. We are comparing parks in Singapore and Hangzhou to learn more about this topic.


PROCEDURES

If you agree to participate, you will be asked to complete an anonymous online questionnaire. It will take about 10-15 minutes of your time. The questions will ask about your park usage habits, general health, and mood.

This study does not involve video or audio recording.


POTENTIAL RISKS / DISCOMFORTS AND THEIR MINIMIZATION

The risks involved in this study are minimal. Some questions about mood (using a standard PHQ-9 questionnaire) might cause slight discomfort, but you can skip any question or stop at any time.

If you feel upset after the survey, you may contact:

Singapore Psychological Society Helpline: 1800-283-7019

Hangzhou Psychological Assistance Hotline: 0571-85029595


COMPENSATION FOR PARTICIPATION

There is no compensation for participation in this study.


POTENTIAL BENEFITS

There are no direct benefits to you, but your participation will help us better understand how to design healthier urban parks for everyone.


CONFIDENTIALITY

Your answers are strictly anonymous. No personal information (like your name or ID) will be collected. All data will be stored securely and used only for academic research.


DATA RETENTION

The anonymous data will be kept for 3 years after the publication of the first research paper, after which it will be permanently deleted.


PARTICIPATION AND WITHDRAWAL

Your participation is voluntary. This means that you can choose to stop at any time without negative consequences.


QUESTIONS AND CONCERNS

If you have any questions about the research, please feel free to contact [STUDENT& ZHU YINGXIN (46363418/1602811720@qq.)]. 

If you have questions about your rights as a research participant, contact the Human Research Ethics Committee, HKU (3917-5267).


I understand the procedures described above and agree to participate in this study (proceed to next part).  
I. Park Usage
*
1. Number of times you visited Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park per week in the past 3 months:
0 times
1-3 times
4-8 times
≥9 times
*
2. Number of times you visited the park on workdays (Monday to Friday):
1-3 times
4-8 times
9-12 times
≥13 times
*
3. Number of times you visited the park on weekends (Saturday and Sunday):
1-3 times
4-8 times
9-12 times
≥13 times
4. Average duration of stay per visit:
＜30 minutes
30-60 minutes
1-2 hours
≥2 hours
*
5. Your main purpose for visiting the park (multiple selections allowed):[Multiple]
Daily leisure
Special visit
Camping/picnic
Other
*
6. Types of activities you mainly engage in in the park (multiple selections allowed):[Multiple]
Leisurely walk
Quietly enjoying the scenery
Exercise
Social interaction
Other
*
7. Core reasons you choose to visit this park (multiple selections allowed):[Multiple]
Good green environment
Reasonable layout and convenient access
Close to home / Work location is near
Quiet and not crowded
Well-equipped (seats, restrooms, etc.)
Ample activity space
Other
*
8. In the past month, in which areas of the park did you most frequently spend time?
Densely green areas
Around flower beds
By the water
On the lawn
Other
II. Mental Health Status (PHQ-9 Depression Scale)
*
Does the following description match your feelings over the past two weeks? Please select the option that best reflects your experience: Feeling Description
 | None at all (0 points) | Several days (1 point) | More than half the days (2 points) | Almost every day (3 points)
0123
Lack of interest in activities
Lack of interest in activities
Low mood, frustration, or despair
Low mood, frustration, or despair
Difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings, or excessive sleep 
Difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings, or excessive sleep 
Feeling tired or lacking energy
Feeling tired or lacking energy
Loss of appetite or overeating
Loss of appetite or overeating
Feeling like a failure or disappointing your family
Feeling like a failure or disappointing your family
Difficulty concentrating (e.g., reading, watching TV) 
Difficulty concentrating (e.g., reading, watching TV) 
Slow movements or speech/restlessness, irritability
Slow movements or speech/restlessness, irritability
Thoughts of self-harm
Thoughts of self-harm
III. Respiratory Health Status
*
1. In the past 3 months, have you frequently experienced any of the following respiratory discomfort symptoms (multiple selections allowed)?[Multiple]
No discomfort
Cough
Sputum
Chest tightness
Shortness of breath
Dry and itchy throat
Other
*
2. If the above discomfort occurred, the duration of the symptoms was approximately:
Not present
1-3 days
4-7 days
1-2 weeks
More than 2 weeks
*
3. In the past month, have you felt any relief from respiratory discomfort symptoms after staying in a park?
Relieved every time
Relieved frequently
Relieved occasionally
Never relieved
Never experienced respiratory discomfort
*
4. Do you feel more relaxed in the park than at work? (Test question, please select "Yes")
Yes
No
*
5. Your self-assessment of your respiratory health status:
Excellent
Good
Average
Poor
Very poor
*
6. How much do you think the park's green environment affects your breathing experience (e.g., air freshness, comfort)?
Significantly affected (significantly more comfortable)
Significantly affected
Moderately affected
Slightly affected
No affected
IV. Park Environment Perception and Evaluation
*
1. Your satisfaction with the park's greening layers (tree, shrub, and grass combination):
Very satisfied
Very dissatisfied
*
2. Your satisfaction with the park's circulation design (route clarity, ease of visit):
Very satisfied
Very dissatisfied
*
3. Your perception of the park's air cleanliness (e.g., dust, odor):
Very clean
Very unclean
*
4. Do you often smell the fragrance of plants and feel the fresh air in the park? 
Almost always
Never
V. Demographic Information
*
1. Gender:
Male
Female
*
2. Age: 
18-25 years old
26-40 years old
41-55 years old
56 years old and above
*
3.Occupation:
Employee of an enterprise/institution
Freelancer
Retiree
Student
Other
*
4.Have you smoked in the past 3 months?
Frequent smoker (daily)
Occasional smoker
Former smoker, now quit
Never smoker
*
5.In the past 3 months, what is your average weekly frequency of outdoor exercise (excluding activities in parks):
Almost never
1-2 times
3-4 times
≥5 times
This questionnaire is now complete! Thank you again for your participation! We wish you a happy life and good health!
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