Survey on Sustainable Consumption Behavior (SCB) among Master’s Stud

This questionnaire is for academic research and aims to understand the sustainable consumption behavior and its influencing factors of master's degree students from UM, UKM, and UPM. The questionnaire is anonymous and is only used for research analysis. There are no right or wrong answers. It is expected to take 10-12 minutes to complete. You can skip any questions or exit at any time.
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1.
 Are you currently a master's student (either taught or research-based) at UM/UKM/UPM?
A、Yes
B、 No
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2.
 Are you over 18 years old?
A、 Yes
B、 No
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3.
 I have read the above instructions and agree to participate in this study.
A、Yes
B、No
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4.
Your school:
A、UM
B、UKM
C、UPM
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5.
Your master's degree type:
A、Coursework
B、Research-mode
C、Mix-mode
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6.
 Your master's grade:
A、Year 1
B、Year 2
C、3rd year or above
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7.
Your gender:
A、Female
B、Male
C、Not convenient to answer
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8.
Your age:
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9.
 Your ethnic group:
A、Malay
B、Chinese
C、Indian
D、other
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10.
Your living situation:
A、On-campus accommodation (dormitory / college)
B、Off-campus accommodation (renting a house/staying with a host family)
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11.
Your monthly living expenses/budget (RM):
A、＜500
B、500–999
C、1000–1499
D、1500–1999
E、2000+
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12.
 SDG 12 (Sustainable Development Goal 12) primarily focuses on:
A、Responsible consumption and production
B、 Quality education
C、 Climate action
D、 Underwater organisms
E、 Don't know
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13.
 "3R" refers to Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.
A、Yes
B、No
C、 Don't know
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14.
Reducing food waste can lower environmental impact (such as emissions from landfills).
A、Yes
B、No
C、 Don't know
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15.
Turning off lights and reducing the use of air conditioning can lower energy consumption.
A、Yes
B、No
C、 Don't know
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16.
 Compared to driving alone, taking public transportation or carpooling usually reduces per capita emissions.
A、 Yes
B、 No
C、 Don't know
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17.
Purchasing durable products and having them repaired can reduce resource consumption over the long term.
A、 Yes
B、 No
C、Don't know
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18.
Which of the following is generally more sustainable?
A、Reusable water bottle for multiple uses
B、Use disposable water bottles and recycle them
C、Use disposable water bottles and dispose of them directly
D、Don't know
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19.
 Sustainable consumption encompasses both environmental and social aspects (such as waste, emissions, and fair labor practices).
A、 Yes
B、 No
C、 Don't know
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20.
 Please evaluate your own environmental awareness
Strongly disagreeDisagreeNeither agree nor disagreeAgreeStrongly Agree
I am aware that my daily consumption choices affect the environment
I am aware that my daily consumption choices affect the environment
I am concerned about environmental issues such as pollution, waste, and climate change
I am concerned about environmental issues such as pollution, waste, and climate change
I often notice wasteful practices around me (e.g., waste of water, electricity, plastic, etc.)
I often notice wasteful practices around me (e.g., waste of water, electricity, plastic, etc.)
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21.
 Please rate your agreement with the following statements on attitudes toward sustainable consumption
Strongly disagreeDisagreeNeither agree nor disagreeAgreeStrongly Agree
Sustainable consumption is worthwhile even if it requires extra effort
Sustainable consumption is worthwhile even if it requires extra effort
I feel better (more at ease / more satisfied) when I make sustainable choices
I feel better (more at ease / more satisfied) when I make sustainable choices
Sustainable choices are inconvenient for a student like me
Sustainable choices are inconvenient for a student like me
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22.
Please rate your agreement with the following statements on subjective norms
Strongly disagreeDisagreeNeither agree nor disagreeAgreeStrongly Agree
People who matter to me think I should practice sustainable consumption
People who matter to me think I should practice sustainable consumption
My friends would support me if I practiced sustainable consumption
My friends would support me if I practiced sustainable consumption
My family encourages me to reduce waste and conserve resources
My family encourages me to reduce waste and conserve resources
Teachers or university staff encourage more sustainable behaviors
Teachers or university staff encourage more sustainable behaviors
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23.
Please rate your agreement with the following statements on perceived behavioral control
Strongly disagreeDisagreeNeither agree nor disagreeAgreeStrongly Agree
I feel capable of practicing sustainable consumption in my daily life
I feel capable of practicing sustainable consumption in my daily life
I can make more sustainable choices even when I am busy
I can make more sustainable choices even when I am busy
I can find sustainable options on or near campus (e.g., recycling points, water refilling stations, transport choices)
I can find sustainable options on or near campus (e.g., recycling points, water refilling stations, transport choices)
Even when relevant facilities are limited, I can still find ways to practice sustainable consumption.
Even when relevant facilities are limited, I can still find ways to practice sustainable consumption.
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24.
Please rate your agreement with the following statements on personal values and moral obligations
Strongly disagreeDisagreeNeither agree nor disagreeAgreeStrongly Agree
Protecting the environment is an important value in my life
Protecting the environment is an important value in my life
I feel a moral obligation to reduce my environmental impact
I feel a moral obligation to reduce my environmental impact
I feel partly responsible for the environmental harm caused by my consumption
I feel partly responsible for the environmental harm caused by my consumption
I care about the potential impacts of my consumption on others (e.g., workers, communities)
I care about the potential impacts of my consumption on others (e.g., workers, communities)
Individual actions are meaningful for addressing environmental issues.
Individual actions are meaningful for addressing environmental issues.
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25.
Please rate your agreement with the following statements on university support and ESD exposure
Strongly disagreeDisagreeNeither agree nor disagreeAgreeStrongly Agree
The university presents sustainable development as a visible and important priority on campus
The university presents sustainable development as a visible and important priority on campus
I often see information about sustainability-related campaigns or events on campus
I often see information about sustainability-related campaigns or events on campus
The university provides facilities that support sustainable behaviors (e.g., recycling bins, water refilling stations, etc.)
The university provides facilities that support sustainable behaviors (e.g., recycling bins, water refilling stations, etc.)
The university provides clear guidance on how students can practice sustainable living on campus
The university provides clear guidance on how students can practice sustainable living on campus
Sustainable development / ESD content is included in my courses or learning activities
Sustainable development / ESD content is included in my courses or learning activities
I have opportunities to participate in sustainability-related activities (clubs, volunteer work, projects, etc.)
I have opportunities to participate in sustainability-related activities (clubs, volunteer work, projects, etc.)
Overall, my university makes it easier for students to practice sustainable consumption
Overall, my university makes it easier for students to practice sustainable consumption
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26.
Have you ever taken a course or module that covers sustainable development/ESD content?
A、Yes
B、 No
C、 Don't know
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27.
In the past 12 months, how often did you participate in campus sustainable-related activities/events
A、Never
B、1–2 times
C、 3–5 times
D、 More than 5 times
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28.
Please select the frequency of your sustainable consumption behaviors
neverrarelysometimesoftenalways
I turn off lights/fans/air conditioners when leaving a room
I turn off lights/fans/air conditioners when leaving a room
I minimize air conditioner use (e.g., setting a moderate temperature, using fans instead)
I minimize air conditioner use (e.g., setting a moderate temperature, using fans instead)
I try to shorten my shower time or reduce water use
I try to shorten my shower time or reduce water use
I avoid wasting water (e.g., turning off the tap while brushing my teeth)
I avoid wasting water (e.g., turning off the tap while brushing my teeth)
I unplug chargers or unnecessary electrical appliances when not in use
I unplug chargers or unnecessary electrical appliances when not in use
I choose to walk or cycle for short trips on or near campus
I choose to walk or cycle for short trips on or near campus
I try to use public transport or campus shuttle buses
I try to use public transport or campus shuttle buses
I carpool or hitch a ride when going out
I carpool or hitch a ride when going out
I combine multiple errands into one trip to reduce the number of journeys
I combine multiple errands into one trip to reduce the number of journeys
I try to avoid food waste (e.g., finishing meals, planning purchases)
I try to avoid food waste (e.g., finishing meals, planning purchases)
neverrarelysometimesoftenalways
I try to choose plant-based diets or reduce meat intake
I try to choose plant-based diets or reduce meat intake
I choose local/seasonal food when available
I choose local/seasonal food when available
I bring my own water bottle / tumbler / food container when possible
I bring my own water bottle / tumbler / food container when possible
I avoid unnecessary single-use items (e.g., plastic bags, disposable bottles)
I avoid unnecessary single-use items (e.g., plastic bags, disposable bottles)
I prefer to buy durable products rather than disposable or low-quality items
I prefer to buy durable products rather than disposable or low-quality items
I reuse/repair items instead of buying new ones directly
I reuse/repair items instead of buying new ones directly
I sort and recycle waste when possible
I sort and recycle waste when possible
I buy second-hand items or participate in sharing/exchange/reuse activities
I buy second-hand items or participate in sharing/exchange/reuse activities
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29.
Please rate the helpfulness of the following campus strategies in supporting sustainable consumption
Not helpfulSlightly helpfulModerately helpfulHelpfulVery helpful
Integrating sustainability content into more courses (not limited to electives)
Integrating sustainability content into more courses (not limited to electives)
Increasing more visible and convenient facilities (recycling bins, water refilling stations, repair corners, etc.)
Increasing more visible and convenient facilities (recycling bins, water refilling stations, repair corners, etc.)
Providing more affordable sustainable food options with reduced packaging
Providing more affordable sustainable food options with reduced packaging
Guiding behaviors through reminders and feedback (signage, alert messages, energy/water consumption displays, etc.)
Guiding behaviors through reminders and feedback (signage, alert messages, energy/water consumption displays, etc.)
Supporting student-led activities (green clubs, repair cafes, zero-waste events, etc.)
Supporting student-led activities (green clubs, repair cafes, zero-waste events, etc.)
Providing incentives (e.g., points or discounts for bringing your own cup/food container)
Providing incentives (e.g., points or discounts for bringing your own cup/food container)
Improving campus transport (more frequent shuttle buses, safer walking/cycling routes)
Improving campus transport (more frequent shuttle buses, safer walking/cycling routes)
Providing clearer action guidelines (simple steps: what to do, where to do it)
Providing clearer action guidelines (simple steps: what to do, where to do it)
Implementing stricter campus policies to reduce single-use plastics
Implementing stricter campus policies to reduce single-use plastics
Collaborating with NGOs/companies to launch more sustainability projects
Collaborating with NGOs/companies to launch more sustainability projects
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30.
Please suggest one change that you think the school should make to help students practice sustainable consumption:
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