Exploring Internal and External Factors in L2 Demotivation among Chinese University Students

You are invited to participate in a research study exploring how internal and external factors affect university students’ motivation and demotivation in learning a second language (L2). The purpose is to understand the relationship between personal feelings, goals, and external conditions (such as teaching and curriculum) in shaping students’ motivation. The questionnaire will take about 3-5 minutes to complete. Your responses will be anonymous and will be used for research purposes only. Data will be stored securely in password-protected files and will only be accessed by the researcher.

你被邀请参加一项探索内部和外部因素如何影响大学生学习第二语言的动机和去动机(L2)的调查研究。本研究目的旨在了解个人情感、目标和外部条件(如教学和课程)在塑造学生动机方面的关系。完成问卷大约需要3-5分钟。您的回答将是匿名的，仅用于研究目的。数据将安全地存储在受密码保护的文件中，只有研究人员可以获取。

I have read and understood the above information and I agree to participate in this study.我已阅读并理解上述信息，同意参与本次研究。

1. Gender 性别

Male 男Female 女Prefer not to say 不愿透露

2. University 大学

3. Year in university 大学年级

First year 大一Second year 大二Third year 大三Fourth year 大四

4. Years of learning English 学习英语的年限

Less than 5 years 少于5年5-8 years 5-8年8-12 years 8-12年12-15 years 12-15年15-18 years 15-18年18+ years 超过18年

5. What is your highest score in CET-4? 你大学英语四级考试最高分是多少？

425-500500-550550-600600+

1. How motivated do you usually feel when learning L2 at university?

你在大学学习二外时通常会有多大动力？

Very motivated 非常有动力Somewhat motivated 有些动力Neutral 中立Somewhat demotivated 有些缺乏动力Very demotivated 非常缺乏动力

2. Which personal feelings most often reduce your motivation?

哪些个人感受最常降低你的动力？

Anxiety or stress 焦虑或压力Low confidence 低信心Boredom/lack of interest 厌倦/缺乏兴趣Feeling overwhelmed by workload 感觉被工作量压垮

3. Which goals drive your L2 learning the most?

哪些目标最能推动你的二外学习？

Passing exams/achieving high scores 通过考试/取得高分Studying abroad opportunities 出国留学机会Career/job market requirements 职业/就业市场要求Personal interest in language/culture 个人对语言/文化的兴趣

4. Do you think these goals are unrealistic or imposed?

你是否认为这些目标不切实际或强加给我们的？

Always 总是Often 经常Sometimes 有时Rarely 几乎没有Never 从未

5. How do emotions during learning (enjoyment, stress, embarrassment) influence your motivation?

学习过程中的情绪(享受、压力、尴尬)如何影响你的动机？

Strongly increase motivation 强烈增加动力Slightly increase motivation 稍微增加动力No effect 没有影响Slightly reduce motivation 稍微降低动力Strongly reduce motivation 强烈降低动力

6. Which teaching practices increase your motivation the most?

哪种教学实践最能增加你的动力？

Interactive/communicative activities 互动/交流活动Clear explanations and structured lessons 清晰的解释和结构化的课程Group work and peer interaction 小组工作和同伴互动Creative or technology-based methods 创造性或基于技术的方法

7. Which teaching practices reduce your motivation the most?

哪种教学实践最能降低你的动力？

Excessive rote memorization 过度死记硬背Overemphasis on grammar drills 过分强调语法练习Teacher-centered lectures 以教师为中心的讲座Lack of feedback or unclear instruction 缺乏反馈或指导不明确

8. How does assessment and curriculum (tests, workload, focus) affect your motivation?

评估和课程(测试、工作量、重点)如何影响你的动机？

9. How does class size and peer behavior influence your willingness to participate?

班级规模和同伴行为如何影响你的参与意愿？

Large class size discourages participation 大班人数阻碍了参与度Peers’ reluctance to speak reduces participation 同龄人不愿发言降低了参与度Supportive peers encourage participation 支持的同伴鼓励了参与度Class size/peers do not affect me 班级规模/同伴对我没有影响

10. How does teacher feedback and error correction affect your confidence?

老师的反馈和纠错对你的自信有什么影响？

Greatly increases confidence 极大增加了信心Slightly increases confidence 稍微增加了自信No effect 没有影响Slightly decreases confidence 稍微降低了信心Greatly decreases confidence 极大降低了信心

11. How helpful are resources and technology (apps, platforms, AI tools) in supporting your motivation?

资源和技术(应用、平台、人工智能工具)对支持你的动机有多大帮助？

Very helpful 非常有帮助Somewhat helpful 有些帮助Neutral 中立Somewhat unhelpful 有些无帮助Very unhelpful 非常无帮助

12. When demotivation occurs, how long does it usually last?

当消极情绪出现时，通常会持续多久？

Only a short time (minutes/hours) 只有很短的时间(几分钟/几小时)A few days 几天Several weeks 几星期A whole semester or longer 整整一学期或更长时间

13. Which strategies help you the most in handling demotivation?

哪个策略对你处理消极情绪最有帮助？

Setting new goals 设定新目标Seeking teacher/peer support 寻求老师/同伴的支持Using self-study tools/resources 使用自学工具/资源Taking a break or reducing workload 休息或减少工作量

14. How strongly do family expectations or social norms influence your motivation in L2 learning?

家庭期望或社会规范对你学习二外的动机有多大影响？

Very strongly 非常强烈Somewhat 有些Neutral 中立Very little 很少Not at all 一点也不

15. How strongly do job market expectations influence your motivation in L2 learning?

就业市场预期对你学习二外的动机有多大影响？

Very strongly 非常强烈Somewhat 有些Neutral 中立Very little 很少Not at all 一点也不

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