QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY

This questionnaire aims to collect data on Sam’s Club’s cold chain logistics operations in four key areas:

(1) cost structure；(2) technology application；(3) operational management；(4) sustainability practices.

Your participation will help us evaluate how technology and management strategies can improve cost efficiency, logistics performance, and food safety.

Section 1: Basic Information
Please select the option that best describes your situation. 

1. Your role:
2. Your region:
3.Your main area of involvement in Sam’s Club cold chain:

Section 2: Assessment of Cold Chain Cost Components
Please rate your level of agreement with each statement based on your knowledge or experience with Sam’s Club’s cold chain operations.（1=Strongly Disagree, 5=Strongly Agree）

4. Energy consumption (electricity and fuel) is one of the major sources of cost pressure.

5.Transportation costs represent a large proportion of Sam’s Club’s logistics expenses.
6.Warehousing and cold storage maintenance costs significantly affect total expenses.
7.Labor costs in low-temperature environments are significantly higher than those in normal logistics operations.
8.Equipment aging and maintenance contribute significantly to operational costs.
9.Vehicle utilization rate (load capacity) directly impacts per-unit transportation cost.
10.Overall, Sam’s Club has achieved effective control over cold chain operating costs.

Section 3: Technology Application and Efficiency Analysis

Please rate the usage and effectiveness of the following technologies in Sam’s Club’s cold chain. （1=Strongly Disagree, 5=Strongly Agree）

11.Sam’s Club applies IoT-based temperature monitoring systems for real-time tracking.
12.Automated warehousing systems are used to improve cold storage efficiency.
13.Big data analytics are used for forecasting and optimizing replenishment or distribution routes.
14.Blockchain or digital traceability systems are used to track cold chain data.
15.Technology applications have reduced temperature deviation incidents and product losses.
16.High system maintenance cost is a challenge in Sam’s Club’s technology use.
17.Staff training for smart cold chain systems is sufficient and effective.
18.Overall, technological applications have improved Sam’s Club’s cold chain performance.

Section 4: Operational Challenges and Sustainability Performance

Part A – Operational Management
Please evaluate the following operational practices.（1=Strongly Disagree, 5=Strongly Agree）

19.Cross-regional coordination between Sam’s Club stores and distribution centers is efficient.
20.Delivery route planning is scientifically optimized to reduce energy and time waste.
21.Inventory turnover rate for cold chain products is high, minimizing overstocking.
22.Emergency response systems for temperature anomalies or equipment failures are effective.
23.Cooperation with suppliers is smooth in delivery time and temperature control.
24.Cold chain management processes are highly digitalized.
25.Performance indicators such as temperature accuracy and on-time delivery are regularly evaluated.

Part B – Sustainability
Please rate the implementation of sustainability practices.（1=Strongly Disagree, 5=Strongly Agree）

26.Sam’s Club uses eco-friendly refrigerants in storage and transportation.
27.Recyclable or biodegradable packaging materials are used in cold chain operations.
28.Measures have been taken to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions.
29.Green logistics practices enhance Sam’s Club’s brand reputation.
30.Sustainability practices have improved customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Section 5: Overall Cold Chain Performance
Based on your experience, please evaluate overall performance.（1=Strongly Disagree, 5=Strongly Agree）

31.Sam’s Club maintains high temperature control accuracy across all cold chain stages.
32.Members are satisfied with the freshness and quality of refrigerated or frozen products.
33.Cold chain delivery is quick and keeps customers satisfied.
34.The cold chain system is stable and keeps food safety.

Section 6: Open-ended Question

35.Please share any suggestions you have for improving Sam's Club's cold chain logistics.
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