Coffee Consumption Among Accounting Students in 8:00 AM Classes: Drivers and Effects on Learning

1.Which class are you in?

Class 1Class 2

2.How many classes starting at 8:00 AM do you have per week?

0 classes1-2 classes3-4 classes5 ormore classes

3.What is your gender

MaleFemale

4.If you drink coffee, how long before your 8:00 AM classes do you usually drink it?

Within 15 minutes16-60 minutesMore than 1 hourNot applicable (if you chose "Never" for the previous question about drinking coffee before 8:00 AM classes)

5.Do you drinkcoffee before your 8:00AM classes?

NeverOccasionally (1-2 times a month / once a week)2-3 times a week4 or more times a week

6.What type of coffee do you usually drink before your 8:00 AM classes?

Black coffee/Americano (no/little milk or sugar)Latte/Cappuccino (with milk)Instant coffeeMocha/Caramel Macchiato (with milk and sugar)

7.If you drink coffee, how much do you usually drink before your 8:00 AM classes?

1 cup (about 300ml, e.g., a medium cup from a convenience store)2 cups or moreLess than 1 cupNot applicable (if you chose "Never" for the previous question 8.-about drinking coffee before 8:00 AM classes)

8.Do you have a regular coffee-drinking habit (not just before 8:00 AM classes)?

A. Yes (every day)B. Yes (3-5 times a week)C. No (only possibly before 8:00 AM classes)D. No (never)

9.Do you experience palpitations, insomnia, or stomach discomfort after drinking coffee?

A. NeverB. OccasionallyC. FrequentlyD. Not applicable (if you never drink coffee)

10.What is the main reason you drink coffee before your 8:00 AM classes (if you do)?

A. Didn’t get enough sleep the night before (＜6 hours)B. Easy to feel sleepy in morning classes and need to stay awakeC. Need to stay focused because the class is difficultD. Not applicable (if you chose "Never" for the previous question about drinking coffee before 8:00 AM classes)

11.How important is the above “main reason for drinking coffee” to you?

A. 1-2 points (Not important)B. 3 points (Neutral)C. 4-5 points (Important)D. Not applicable (if you chose "Never" for the previous question about drinking coffee before 8:00 AM classes)

12.If you got enough sleep the night before (≥7 hours), would you still drink coffee before your 8:00 AM classes?

A. Definitely yesB. Probably yesC. Probably noD. Definitely no

13.If your 8:00 AM class is one you are good at (usually score 80+), how would your frequency of drinking coffee before it change?

A. IncreaseB. No changeC. DecreaseD. Not applicable (if you chose "Never" for the previous question about drinking coffee before 8:00 AM classes)

14.After drinking coffee, how often do you get distracted (e.g., thinking about other things, using your phone) in your 8:00 AM classes?

A. Never distractedB. Occasionally distractedC. Frequently distractedD. Not applicable (if you never drink coffee)

15.Compared to 8:00 AM classes when you don’t drink coffee, how would your continuous listening time change after drinking coffee?

A. Become longerB. No changeC. Become shorterD. Not applicable (if you never drink coffee/never skip drinking coffee)

16.After drinking coffee, how well do you understand the knowledge points in your 8:00 AM classes?

A. 1-2 points (Don’t understand)B. 3 points (Basically understand)C. 4-5 points (Fully understand)D. Not applicable (if you never drink coffee)

17.After drinking coffee, how complete would your note-taking be in your 8:00 AM classes?

A. More completeB. No changeC. Less completeD. Not applicable (if you never drink coffee)

18.After drinking coffee, how willing would you be to actively answer questions/participate in discussions in your 8:00 AM classes?

A. More willingB. No changeC. Less willingD. Not applicable (if you never drink coffee)

19.Compared to 8:00 AM classes when you don’t drink coffee, how would your efficiency in doing homework for that class change after drinking coffee?

A. IncreaseB. No changeC. DecreaseD. Not applicable (if you never drink coffee/never skip drinking coffee)

20.If there is a quiz in your 8:00 AM class, how helpful do you think drinking coffee is for your quiz score?

A. 1-2 points (Not helpful)B. 3 points (No obvious help)C. 4-5 points (Helpful)D. Not applicable (if you never drink coffee/have no quizzes)

21.In the long run, do you think drinking coffee before your 8:00 AM classes has an impact on your grades for that class (midterm/final)?

A. Positive impactB. No impactC. Negative impactD. Unsure

22.For students who drink coffee before 8:00 AM classes, which health tip do you think is most necessary?

A. Avoid drinking coffee on an empty stomachB. Don’t drink more than 1 cup (about 300ml) at a timeC. Drink it more than 30 minutes before classD. Don’t pair it with high-sugar snacks

23.Besides coffee, what is the most common method you use to deal with sleepiness or lack of concentration in your 8:00 AM classes?

A. Wash your face with cold water before classB. Stand up and listen for a few minutes during classC. Drink energy drinksD. Eat mints/gum

24.Regarding “classmates drinking coffee before 8:00 AM classes and learning”, which suggestion do you agree with most?

A. Control coffee intake, don’t drink too muchB. Rest in advance, rely less on coffee to stay awakeC. The school adjusts the time of some morning classesD. Use other methods to stay awake instead of coffee

25.If some 8:00 AM classes are rescheduled to start after 9:00 AM, how would your frequency of drinking coffee before class change?

A. Decrease significantlyB. Decrease slightlyC. No changeD. Increase (including slightly/significantly)

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