9. Time ratio between professional knowledge learning and Chinese learning： Professional learning accounts for more than 80%, and time spent on Chinese learning is limited Professional learning accounts for 60%-80%, and time spent on Chinese learning is average Professional learning accounts for 50%-60%, and time spent on Chinese learning is more Other
10. Your overall positioning of Chinese learning： Short-term crash learning, only to meet basic daily or professional communication needs (no strict requirements on pronunciation standards) Systematic learning to comprehensively improve comprehensive Chinese ability (including accurate pronunciation) Other
11. Besides Chinese courses at school, have you participated in specialized Chinese phonetics training： Yes, multiple times Yes, 1-2 times No, but willing to participate No, and not willing to participate
Part 2: Feelings about Chinese Phonetics Learning 12. How do you evaluate your overall Chinese pronunciation?
Very good, accurate pronunciation and fluent oral communication Good, basically standard pronunciation and no obstacles in daily communication Average, minor pronunciation problems, occasionally need to repeat expressions Not good, many pronunciation problems, often need to explain
13. What are the main difficulties you encounter when learning Chinese initial consonants： Difficulty in pronouncing zh/ch/sh/r (unable to curl the tongue correctly) Incorrect pronunciation position of j/q/x (easily confused with native language sounds) Unable to distinguish aspirated and unaspirated sounds (inconsistent with native language pronunciation habits) Confusion between n and l pronunciation (no obvious distinction in native language) Confusion between f and h pronunciation (poor control of mouth shape or airflow) Confusion between Urdu trilled /r/ and Chinese retroflex /r/ Urdu /s/ sound affects the pronunciation of Chinese x No obvious difficulties Other
14. What are the main difficulties you encounter when learning Chinese finals： Difficulty in pronouncing ü and finals containing ü (no such sounds in native language) Incomplete pronunciation of compound finals (reading too fast or too short) Confusion between front nasal and back nasal finals Stiff pronunciation of er final (unable to curl the tongue naturally) Incorrect pronunciation when matching finals with tones Confusion between Chinese back nasal finals and Urdu nasalized vowels Unsmooth pronunciation of iao/iou compound finals (no such sounds in native language) No obvious difficulties Other
15. What are the main difficulties you encounter when learning Chinese tones： No tones in native language, unable to control pitch changes Incorrect pronunciation of the 3rd tone (shàng shēng), easily pronounced as the 2nd tone or 4th tone Unnatural pronunciation of neutral tone Unable to remember the tone change rules of "yī/bù" Disordered tones when reading multiple characters continuously No obvious difficulties Other
16. What difficulties do you encounter in learning connected speech sound changes (sound changes when speaking continuously)： Difficulty in pronouncing retroflex suffix "-r" Unsmooth connection between initials and finals during liaison Difficulty in mastering tone changes of multi-character groups Incorrect pronunciation of tone changes of "yī/bù" Incorrect pronunciation of tone changes of consecutive 3rd tones Have not noticed the phenomenon of connected speech sound changes Other
17. What is your ability to distinguish easily confused sounds in Chinese? Can distinguish accurately Basically can distinguish, occasionally make mistakes Difficult to distinguish
18. Do you take the initiative to practice Chinese phonetics (e.g., shadowing standard pronunciation, special pronunciation exercises, etc.)? Often take the initiative to practice Occasionally practice Rarely practice Do not practice
19. How helpful do you think phonetic practice is for improving oral communication ability? Very helpful Quite helpful Average, not very helpful Not helpful
20. Have you ever been misunderstood in oral communication due to pronunciation problems? Often misunderstood Occasionally misunderstood Rarely misunderstood Never misunderstood
Part 3: Chinese Learning Habits 21. When do you usually learn Chinese?
During Chinese classes Morning Afternoon Evening During breaks between classes Weekends Other
22. What is your average daily Chinese learning time? Within 30 minutes 30 minutes-1 hour 1-2 hours More than 2 hours Not fixed
23. What are the main methods you use to learn Chinese? Shadow the text Memorize words and sentences Practice dialogues with others Watch Chinese movies and TV programs Listen to Chinese audio (e.g., listening materials, podcasts, etc.) Learn in accordance with the teacher's arrangements Other
24. What auxiliary tools do you use for Chinese learning? Chinese learning apps Dictionaries (paper/electronic version) Chinese textbooks Chinese learning websites Other
25. What types of exercises do you mainly do when learning Chinese? Read texts aloud Read sentences aloud Read words aloud Write Chinese characters Listening practice Speaking practice Other
26. Sorting（Please sort the above exercises by importance, with 1 being the most important） Read texts aloud Read sentences aloud Read words aloud Write Chinese characters Listening practice Speaking practice Other
27. Reasons for taking the above exercises as the main learning content：
28. How do you think the learning effect of these exercises is?
29. Do you prefer "crash-course" Chinese phonetic exercises (directly practice core sentences in daily or professional scenarios instead of individual phonemes)? Yes, prefer crash-course exercises No, hope for systematic practice Not sure
30. What type of phonetic practice do you think is most necessary to achieve "barrier-free communication"? Pronunciation practice of high-frequency daily expressions Pronunciation practice of professional core vocabulary/sentences Special exercises for distinguishing easily confused sounds Other
31. Do you think the learning effect will be better if "phonetic practice" is combined with "oral communication practice"? Yes, the effect is significantly better May be, somewhat helpful No, learning them separately is sufficient Not sure
32. Do you take the initiative to integrate phonetic practice into activities such as dialogues and scenario simulations?
Often Occasionally Rarely No
Part 4: Learning Experience and Evaluation of Chinese Courses This Academic Year For all rating questions, please choose according to the following standards: 1=Very dissatisfied, 2=Not very satisfied, 3=Average, 4=Quite satisfied, 5=Very satisfied
33. Overall, how do you feel about the Chinese courses this academic year? 1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
34. Do you think the teaching progress of the Chinese courses this academic year is appropriate? 1 (Too fast, completely unable to keep up with the teaching rhythm)
5 (Too slow, the progress is too loose)
35. Are you satisfied with the Chinese teacher's classroom organization ability? (e.g., the teacher's ability to control the classroom rhythm and arrange classroom sessions) 1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
36. Are you satisfied with the teacher's classroom teaching arrangements? (e.g., the teaching methods adopted by the teacher, the classroom interactions and practice activities designed, etc.) 1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
37. The teacher conducts teaching around specific themes (e.g., daily shopping, campus life, major-related communication, etc.). Are you satisfied with this theme-based teaching method? 1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
38. Please explain the reasons for your satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the theme-based teaching method
39. The teacher guides everyone to express actively in class (e.g., encouraging everyone to describe life scenes, share personal thoughts and opinions, etc.). Are you satisfied with this teaching method? 1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
40. Please explain the reasons for your satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the active expression teaching method
41. The teacher designs classroom scenarios according to everyone's daily communication and professional learning needs, and does not teach strictly in accordance with the vocabulary order of the textbook. Are you satisfied with this teaching method? 1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
42. Please explain the reasons for your satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the scenario-based teaching method
43. Are you satisfied with the Chinese phonetic exercises arranged by the teacher in class (e.g., exercises related to pronunciation, tones, and connected speech sound changes)? 1 (Very dissatisfied)
5 (Very satisfied)
44. The teacher arranges various phonetic exercises in class. Which of these exercises are most helpful for you to improve your Chinese pronunciation? Individual phoneme exercises (e.g., practicing initials, finals, and tones separately) Shadowing exercises for textbook words and sentences Textbook dialogue exercises Teacher-guided oral Q&A exercises Exercises of listening to textbook recordings and repeating sentences Practicing dialogues in specific scenarios while practicing pronunciation Comparative exercises of easily confused sounds Major-related phonetic exercises Special comparative exercises of easily confused sounds between Urdu and Chinese Other
45. The teacher explains relevant knowledge of Chinese phonetics in class (e.g., the pronunciation method, key points of pronunciation, and correction methods for pronunciation errors of a certain sound). Do you think the teacher's explanation is clear?(1=Very unclear, completely unable to understand; 2=Not very clear, difficult to understand; 3=Average, able to understand part of the content; 4=Quite clear, able to understand most of the content; 5=Very clear, able to understand quickly)
1 (Very unclear, completely unable to understand)
5 (Very clear, able to understand quickly)
46. Does the teacher point out and correct your pronunciation errors individually in class? Often corrects, timely corrects as soon as errors occur Occasionally corrects, corrects when obvious errors are found Rarely corrects, hardly corrects individually Does not correct, never corrected individually
47. If the teacher has corrected your pronunciation errors individually, how do you think the effect of this individual correction is? Very effective, pronunciation has become significantly standard Quite effective, pronunciation has certain improvement and progress Average, no obvious changes after correction Ineffective, still unable to pronounce correctly after correction
48. What kind of help do you most need from the teacher in the current process of learning Chinese phonetics? (e.g., more pronunciation demonstrations, one-on-one pronunciation correction, etc., can be specified in detail)
49. What content or forms of exercises/explanations do you hope the teacher will add in the subsequent phonetic teaching? (Can be specified in detail)
50. Do you hope the teacher adjusts the phonetic teaching content in combination with the needs of "short-term crash learning and achieving barrier-free communication"? Very much hope, think this kind of learning is more practical Quite hope, think it is necessary to adjust It doesn't matter, any teaching method from the teacher is acceptable Do not hope, hope to continue learning according to the current content
51. If you hope to adjust, what targeted content do you want the teacher to add? (e.g., pronunciation exercises for professional scenarios, pronunciation exercises for high-frequency sentences in daily communication, etc.)
52. How do you think the teacher combines phonetic learning with practical oral application in class?
(1=Completely separated, phonetic learning has no connection with oral practice; 2=Little combination, low relevance; 3=Average, occasionally combined; 4=Much combination, able to conduct oral practice in a timely manner after learning pronunciation; 5=Closely combined, conducting oral application practice while learning pronunciation)
1 (Completely separated, phonetic learning has no connection with oral practice)
5 (Closely combined, conducting oral application practice while learning pronunciation)
53. Is the teacher's teaching method of combining "phonetic learning + oral application" helpful for you to achieve barrier-free communication with Chinese people?
(1=No help at all; 2=Not very helpful, almost no effect; 3=Average, slightly helpful; 4=Quite helpful, able to clearly feel progress; 5=Very helpful, communication ability has been greatly improved)
1 (No help at all)
5 (Very helpful, communication ability has been greatly improved)
54. Part 5: Self-evaluation of Pronunciation and Oral Ability
Very good, able to fluently complete daily and professional communication Good, able to conduct daily dialogues smoothly and handle simple professional communication Average, need to use gestures to assist simple daily communication, unable to handle professional communication Not good, only able to speak single words/short sentences, unable to complete full communication
55. How well can you understand the words of Chinese people during actual communication? Can understand completely Can understand most of it Can understand part of it Basically cannot understand
56. Specific situations you can/cannot understand: Situations you can understand and Situations you cannot understand
57. How well can Chinese people understand your Chinese expressions during actual communication? Can understand completely Can understand most of it Can understand part of it Basically cannot understand
58. If the other party cannot understand your expression, what do you think is the main reason? (Can explain from the aspects of pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, etc.)
59. How much impact do pronunciation problems have on communication?(1=No impact, 2=Small impact, 3=Average, 4=Relatively large impact, 5=Great impact)：
1 (No impact)
5 (Great impact)
60. To improve communication effectiveness, will you give priority to improving pronunciation problems? Yes, give priority to improvement May be, depending on the situation No, focus more on vocabulary/grammar accumulation Not sure
61. What countermeasures do you usually take if the other party cannot understand your expression? Slow down the speaking speed Repeat the expression Replace with simple words Use gestures/facial expressions to assist expression Switch to another language Other
62. What oral exercises do you think need to be supplemented for the problems existing in communication?
63. What methods do you think can effectively improve Chinese oral ability and pronunciation accuracy?
64. What ways will you adjust your expression to make it easier for the other party to understand? Simplify sentence structure Emphasize the pronunciation of key words Reduce the use of complex vocabulary Increase pauses for clear sentence segmentation Other
Thank you again for your participation!
Survey date ：______ year ______ month ______ day