Hello,
My name is Zhang Chunxia. I have over 25 years of experience in supply chain management, and I am currently a doctoral student and part-time university lecturer at Kennesaw State University in the United States. In light of the recent trade war initiated by the United States against countries around the world, my university professors and I are conducting a research project on the impact of buyer's tariff pass-through on Chinese suppliers. We sincerely invite you to participate in this online survey (which takes approximately 5 minutes to complete). Participation is entirely voluntary, and all of your information will be kept strictly confidential. Upon submitting a valid and completed questionnaire, you will receive a reward of ¥35 RMB. Thank you.
Survey Introduction / Instructions
Thank you for participating in this study. In this research, we focus on how Chinese suppliers perceive and respond to the tariff pass-through behaviors of their U.S. buyers.
In previous research, some respondents may feel that their answers on a questionnaire do not necessarily reflect the choices they would make in a real business environment. Please imagine that the business scenario presented here is actually taking place in your company's current relationship with a buyer, and answer accordingly. We have also found that some respondents tend to rush through surveys or answer without reading the questions carefully, which significantly reduces the value of the research findings. Therefore, please take a moment to read each question thoroughly and answer as honestly and accurately as possible.
In the following section, you will first read a business scenario describing how a buyer is handling decisions related to U.S. tariffs. After reading the scenario, please answer a series of questions based solely on that scenario. Please follow the instructions below:
1. Before answering any question, make sure to read the scenario description carefully. 2. Please respond as the supplier manager described in the scenario. 3. There are no right or wrong answers in this survey; we are interested in your genuine professional judgment. 4. If you are unsure, please select the option that best reflects your judgment in the given situation. 5. Some questions are included to ensure attentiveness during the survey. Please answer them carefully. Please be sure to read the scenario description below first, and then answer the questionnaire based on this business context.
In the following scenario, Almart represents a large U.S.-based retailer. The scenario itself is hypothetical, but similar events have occurred, or could occur, in your real buyer–supplier relationships. When answering, please imagine that your company is currently supplying Almart and that the decision described is affecting your company’s actual business. Please also assume that all other terms (such as order quantity, product specifications, quality, and service levels) remain unchanged.
Relationship backdrop:
You are the Key-Account Director at TylCo Home Manufacturing , a midsize Chinese Tier-OEM that produces private-label small kitchen appliances primarily for Almart U.S. Almart has sourced these items from you for seven years under an annual framework agreement. The buyer pays 60 days after each shipment arrives in the United States, and the relationship has generally been stable and profitable. TylCo and Almart use FOB Shanghai (Incoterms 2020). After the goods are on board in Shanghai, Almart assumes risk and onward costs and, as the importer of record, is responsible for all U.S. customs duties/tariffs at import.
2025 tariff trigger:
On Jun 12, 2025, the United States implemented a 30 % import tariff on Chinese-made household appliances as part of the latest reciprocal-tariff round. The duty applies immediately to every shipment you make to Almart, which means Almart would pay an additional $30,000 in tariffs on a $100,000 import of kitchen appliances from your firm in China.
Almart has decided to pass through the additional tariff costs to your firm. The decision and the explanation for how it was made are as follows.
(Turn to the next page)
2. In the scenario, who should be responsible for the tariff as the importer of record? MC1A: TylCo (Your company). MC1B: Almart (US buyer) MC1C: This was not specified in the scenario.
3. In the scenario description, what share of the tariff cost did Almart ask your company to absorb? MC2A. 25 % of the tariff cost. MC2B. 100% of the tariff cost. MC2C. This was not specified in the scenario.
4. In the scenario, this buyer accounts for approximately what percentage of your firm’s export sales? MC3A: 5–10% MC3B: about 50% MC2C. This was not specified in the scenario.
5. Based on the previously described information, please evaluate to what extent you agree to following statements.
MC4. In this scenario, the buyer’s tariff pass-through would have a very severe impact on our company.
MC5. In this scenario, the buyer’s procedure for passing through the tariff costs is fair to our company.
MC6. In this scenario, Almart gave us an opportunity to voice our opinions and participate in developing a solution.
6. Based on the previously described information, please evaluate to what extent you agree to following statements.
MC7. In this scenario, our firm is highly dependent on this buyer for export sales.
MC8. In this scenario, replacing this buyer in the short term would be difficult and costly for our firm.
7. Based on the previously described information, please evaluate to what extent you agree to following statements.
RC1. The vignette reflected what might happen in real business.
RC2. They could imagine being in the described situation.
RC3. The vignette was realistic.
RC4. They took their roles in the vignette seriously.
8. To make sure you are paying attention, please select “Somewhat agree” for this statement.
9. Based on the previously described information, please evaluate to what extent you agree to following statement relating to your emotions.
AN1. As a supplier of Almart, I would be angry.
AN2. As a supplier of Almart, I would be enraged.
AN3. As a supplier of Almart, I would be offended.
10. Based on the previously described information, what do you think are the chances of your firm terminating this relationship?
PTL1. Within the next six months.
PTL2. Within the next one year.
PTL3. Within the next two years.
11. Your current industry: Manufacturing Warehousing and Transportation International Trade Freight Forwarding Wholesale and Retail Other supply chain-related industries others
12. Your company size: <50 50-100 100-500 >500
13. Years in the Industry <3 years 3-5 years 5-10 years >10 years
14. Gender Male Female
15. Your highest level of education: <High school High school Associate Degree Bachelor Degree >=Master Degree
16. Your Age 18~25 26~30 31~40 41~50 51~60 >60