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46. What do we learn from the passage about the timing of our behaviors?
- A) It has a considerable impact on our health.
- B) It confines us to a 24-hour day-night cycle.
- C) It requires us to follow a particular rhythm.
- D) It holds the key to all human body functions.
47. What does the author say about the proteins in our body?
A) They can modify the effects of medicines in different ways.
B) They can reduce unwanted side effects of certain medicines.
C) Their reaction to medicines changes during the day-night cycle.
D) Their design determines how differently they react to medicines.
48. What do doctors do when prescribing medicine for people?
A) They give little thought to the time of taking it for maximum effect.
B) They rarely consider which medicine works better for which patient.
C) They tell patients its possible side effects during a period of 24 hours.
D) They tell patients to comply with the directions of drug manufacturers.
49. Why do doctors advise patients to take most drugs in the morning or in the evening?
A) To discourage them from making complaints.
B) To ensure they take the drugs as instructed.
C) To comply with new research findings strictly.
D) To guarantee the maximum effect of the drugs.
50. What does the author suggest near the end of the passage?
A) Considering drug-taking timing when prescribing drugs for patients.
B) Making treatments less complex by taking drug timing into account.
C) Conducting more studies to find out the best timing for treating different diseases.
D) Finding out the most effective drugs for treating diseases through further research.
51. What do we learn from the passage about the economics professor and her hairdresser?
A) They differ in their reasons for continuing to work.
B) They are both committed to working into their 70s.
C) They are happy about their current financial situation.
D) They hold different views about postponing retirement.
52. What is one of the reasons for people to delay retirement?
A) More and more people have switched to less intellectually challenging jobs.
B) The number of jobs suitable for older people has increased in the private sector.
C) The rate of wage increase in terms of purchasing power has slowed down for years.
D) More and more people in the workplace find it hard to rely on traditional pensions.
53. What is the general trend in people delaying retirement?
A) The higher their earnings, the more likely they are tempted to delay retirement.
B) Those who have more job satisfaction tend to retire later than those who have less.
C) More men than women are likely to stay in the labor force until their late seventies.
D) The higher their educational level, the more likely they are to delay retirement.
54. What is the chief reason for college-educated workers delaying retirement according to an economist?
A) Enjoying financial security.
B) Staying connected socially.
C) Contributing more professionally.
D) Increasing social security payments.
55. What does the passage say about people doing manual work?
A) They are eager to enjoy life after retiring.
B) They are likely to have financial troubles.
C) They generally don't enjoy doing it.
D) They tend to anticipate retirement.
46. What do we learn about advertising campaigns from the snack food companies?
A) They convey the idea that their products are ok if consumers exercise more.
B) They send the message that bad diets are responsible for Americans' obesity.
C) They usually feature sports stars to emphasize the benefits of their snack foods.
D) They claim that lack of exercise is to blame for the increasing obesity rates.
47. What does the passage say about health education?
A) It has shed light on teens' instinct for rebellion and autonomy.
B) It has placed much more emphasis on cure than on prevention.
C) It has contributed little to the campaigns against obesity.
D) It has largely failed to turn teens away from junk food.
48. What is a major flaw in previous interventions to help reduce junk food consumption?
A) They motivated teens to stay away from junk food only temporarily.
B) They focused on the benefits young people would reap in the future.
C) They were based on the assumption that motivation was the only key.
D) They were incapable of appealing to teens' instinct for rebelliousness.
49. In what way is the new intervention innovative?
A) It emphasizes people's sense of social responsibility.
B) It cleverly exploits teenagers' personal weaknesses.
C) It takes advantage of teenagers' natural inclination.
D) It promises immediate rather than future benefits.
50. What conclusion can be drawn from the new research?
A) A totally different approach could be adopted to combat advertising campaigns for snack food.
B) An effective intervention has to be found to persuade teenagers to switch to a healthier lifestyle.
C) Obesity can be hopefully prevented by building links between teenagers' values and healthy eating.
D) An innovative way to beat obesity is to expose food companies' manipulative and deceptive practices.
51. What do scientists think of REM?
A) It is a sign of dreaming in adults and infants alike.
B) It is essential to human beings' language learning.
C) It determines the formation of connections in the brain.
D) It performs a different function in babies than in adults.
52. What can we infer about nightmares from the passage?
A) They occur often in people with an active imagination.
B) They occur in people suffering from emotional stress.
C) They vary in different stages of brain development.
D) They appear in the sleep of both adults and infants.
53. What is the aim of psychologist David Foulkes' study?
A) To reveal the secrets of children's dreams.
B) To see if children start dreaming at age two.
C) To solve the mystery of dreaming and brain growth.
D) To confirm the general consensus on when kids dream.
54. What are Foulkes' findings about kids' dreams?
A) They feature strange animals.
B) They are unsurprising to adults.
C) They grow and evolve with age.
D) They reflect kids' waking life.
55. What can we assume about babies who appear upset upon waking?
A) They have been roused against their will.
B) They have been disturbed by a nightmare.
C) They have trouble recollecting the images of their dreams.
D) They have been affected by something other than dreaming.
46. What do we learn about New York's Eleven Madison Park?
A) It is the first vegan restaurant to receive the highest Michelin rating.
B) It is the first restaurant in the city to remove meat from its menu.
C) It was famed throughout the U.S. for its fancy regional dishes.
D) It was established as a three-star Michelin restaurant in 2011.
47. Why did Daniel Humm decide to remove meat from the menu of his restaurant?
A) To encourage more customers to be vegan.
B) To contribute to a sustainable food system.
C) To show the appeal of a plant-based menu.
D) To strive for the three-star Michelin rating.
48. What did Daniel Humm think of his move to a meat-free menu?
A) It was a worthwhile effort even though he was unsure of its success.
B) It would set a model for many more restaurants to follow.
C) It was a mad gamble few chefs in the fine dining world would risk taking.
D) It would prove a right step to take in today's catering business.
49. What does Michelin's 2022 New York guide say about Eleven Madison Park's decision?
A) It elevates the restaurant's cooking to an art form.
B) It proves the validity of ratings awarded by Michelin.
C) It shows a daring foresight regarding future fine dining.
D) It is an effort to transform the restaurant into a luxury one.
50. What does the awarding of three Michelin stars to Eleven Madison Park indicate?
A) An optimistic vision of vegan foods becoming mainstream.
B) A greater responsibility for the culinary world to undertake.
C) A strong incentive for more restaurants to offer healthier foods to their customers.
D) An explicit recognition of the rising importance of restaurants serving vegan foods.
51. What does the passage say is of importance regarding genetic tests?
A) Knowing their accuracy.
B) Evaluating their applicability.
C) Utilizing the information they provide.
D) Weighing the consequences they have.
52. What kind of genetic tests tend to be comparatively reliable?
A) Those complex enough to reveal the genetics behind a trait.
B) Those looking for traits responsible for certain diseases.
C) Those focusing on the specific questions being asked.
D) Those looking for traits determined by a single gene.
53. What do we learn about genetic health tests from the passage?
- A) They are unable to identify certain hereditary diseases by themselves.
- B) They are generally unable to separate genetic and non-genetic factors.
- C) They cannot independently identify the majority of potential diseases.
- D) They cannot tell apart the impact of lifestyle and that of the environment.
54. What makes genetic tests for multi-factorial traits tricky to interpret?
A) The challenge in determining the role of each individual gene.
B) The difficulty of foretelling how the various genes will interact.
C) The difficulty of telling genetic factors from environmental ones.
D) The enormous work to identify the hundreds of genes involved.
55. What does the passage say about DNA tests to predict personality or talents?
A) They are solid scientific bases for application.
B) They are helpful in finding a romantic match.
C) They do not look promising at the moment.
D) They do not make any sense at present.
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