心理学导论第三次作业（261023）
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4. A man has trouble hearing and is being tested for a hearing aid. He is presented with tones of various intensities and is asked to indicate whenever he detects a sound. The procedure is most similar to that used by researchers who are studying _____.
difference thresholds.
absolute thresholds.
the just noticeable difference.
response biases.
5. The operational definition of the absolute threshold is the stimulus level at which a sensory signal is ___.
missed.
presented.
detected half the time.
detected all of the time.
6. You try a new potato chip and it tastes great, so you encourage a friend to try it. He tastes a new chip, then an old-style chip, and finally says that as far as he is concerned, all potato chips taste the same. The behavior of your friend is most similar to what might occur in a study of ______.
difference thresholds.
absolute thresholds.
magnitude estimation.
response bias.
7. Rod cells operate best in ________; cone cells operate best in ________.
near darkness; near darkness
bright light; bright light
bright light; near darkness
near darkness; bright light
8. Which type of cortical cell is NOT one described by Hubel and Wiesel in their Nobel Prize-winning studies of visual processing?
simple
intermediate
complex
hypercomplex
9. Which of the following terms is NOT the main attribute of color?
frequency
hue
saturation
brightness
10. In a lecture about the negative afterimage, the audience is looking at a blank white screen, but when they are asked what they see, they respond that they see the red, white, and blue American flag. Obviously, they have previously been staring at a ________ flag.
green, black, and yellow
blue, white, and red
red, orange, and yellow
blue, indigo, and violet
11. A student has been asked to find support for the trichromatic theory of color vision. She would be advised to look at the research that shows there are three ______.
types of rods, each sensitive to red, blue, and green.
types of cones, each sensitive to red, blue, and green.
retinal ganglion cells, each capable of responding to red, blue, green, but not their afterimages.
sections of the visual cortex which respond most directly to each of the colors red, blue, and green.
12. Which of the following pairs of opponent elements was NOT part of the opponent-process theory proposed by Ewald Hering?
blue versus violet
red versus green
blue versus yellow
black versus white
13. If you were told that the opponent-process theory was preferred over the trichromatic theory to explain color vision, which of the following statements would logically support that statement?
the existence of negative afterimages in color vision.
the greater likelihood of males than females to have color blindness.
the fact that the inability to distinguish yellows and blues is rare.
why some people see no color at all.
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