听力训练营-高中练习题-8月17日


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1. 您的姓名：
2. 您的学段
3. Alzheimer's disease poses a special risk to African Americans.
Studies show they're 1.____________________ as likely as white Americans to develop the disease.
Now NPR's Jon Hamilton reports scientists 2._________________________ of a biological difference that might help explain the racial disparity（不一致）.
4. Most of what scientists know about Alzheimer's comes from studies of white people.
And that's a problem, says John Morris, a researcher at Washington University in St. Louis.
We know 3.____________________ about whether Alzheimer's disease is manifested in an identical way in 4.___________________________ groups, such as African Americans or
Latino or Asians.
5. So, Morris and a team of researchers have been 5.___________________________ the
African American community in St. Louis.
And that effort led to a study that included 173 6.____________________as well as
more than 1,000 7.___________________________.
Morris says about a third of all patients were in the early stages of dementia（痴呆）.
6. So, we set out to see if the disease process seems to be the same in 8._______________________.
The study used brain scans and samples of spinal fluid（脊髓液）
to look at the biological hallmarks（特征）of Alzheimer's,
amyloid plaques（淀粉样蛋白斑）and tangles made up of proteins called tau（tau蛋白）.
Morris says blacks and whites were no different 9.___________________________ plaques.
7. However, the tau proteins were 10.___________________________.
Spinal fluid from African-Americans contained lower levels of tau protein.
And yet, these lower levels do not appear to indicate a lower risk of Alzheimer's in a black person the way they do in a white person.
Morris says 11.___________________________,
which appears in the journal JAMA Neurology, could be a big deal.
8. It implies that the 12.______________________ underlying Alzheimer's disease may be very different in racial groups.
And if so, the way we try to diagnose and treat may be 13.___________________________.
9. Morris says a 14._______________________________ might also help explain why African
Americans appear more likely to develop Alzheimer's.
The study was accompanied by 15.___________________________ from Lisa Barnes,
a researcher at Rush University in Chicago.
10. Barnes says she's excited that the research was done 16.___________________________.
However, she says the results need to 17._______________________ by a study that includes many more African-Americans.
And that will be a challenge.
When you try to go to populations that have been sort of marginalized（边缘化的）and abused by past research, it becomes very, very difficult.
11. Barnes says one way to increase the numbers is for 18._______________________ to work
together on studies.
If we start to 19._________________________ together, we'll be able to do more than just one
center alone.
12. And Barnes says researchers will also have to reach out to groups
that have been hesitant to take part in scientific studies.
We really need the 20.___________________________ to be involved as well and to really,
you know, have a voice in what we're finding and to really walk this path with us.
You know, we can't do it by ourselves.
Barnes hopes the new study represents a step toward better collaboration.
Jon Hamilton, NPR News.
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